CVE-2016-11086: Oauth Improper Certificate Validation Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-7359-3c6r-hfc2
Share
CVSS 7.4
CWE-295
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2016-11086 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.4) improper certificate validation vulnerability (CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation) affecting Oauth libraries in the RubyGems ecosystem. The issue involves improper certificate validation in oauth ruby gem. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 0.5.5.

CVE-2016-11086 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2016-11086
GHSA Identifier GHSA-7359-3c6r-hfc2
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.4
CWE Classification CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
Affected Product Oauth
Package Ecosystem RubyGems
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.4

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity High (AC:H)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2016-11086

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Oauth dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

oauth fixed: 0.5.5 
Upgrade oauth to 0.5.5
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

inspect dependencies for oauth

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your application is affected by CVE-2016-11086, inspect your project dependencies for Oauth:

inspect dependencies for oauth

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Oauth in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 0.5.5), your application is affected.

Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation, where the product does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate. In Oauth, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

lib/oauth/consumer.rb in the oauth-ruby gem through 0.5.4 for Ruby does not verify server X.509 certificates if a certificate bundle cannot be found, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive information.

CVE-2016-11086 Affected Oauth Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
0.5.5
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
oauth
gem/oauth
RubyGems
< 0.5.5
0.5.5

References

NVD — CVE-2016-11086 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-11086
Oauth Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/oauth-xx/oauth-ruby/issues/137
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/oauth-xx/oauth-ruby/commit/eb5b00a91d4ef0899082fdba929c34ccad6d4ccb
Oauth Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/oauth-xx/oauth-ruby
Oauth Release RELEASE
https://github.com/oauth-xx/oauth-ruby/releases/tag/v0.5.5
rubygems.org/gems/oauth WEB
https://rubygems.org/gems/oauth

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2016-11086?
CVE-2016-11086 is a security vulnerability in Oauth involving Improper Certificate Validation in oauth ruby gem under CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation.
Which Oauth versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 0.5.5 across affected packages: oauth.
What version fixes CVE-2016-11086?
Upgrading to 0.5.5 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is oauth affected?
Yes, oauth is affected in releases prior to 0.5.5. Upgrade your dependency to 0.5.5 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2016-11086?
CVE-2016-11086 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.4 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2016-11086?
CVE-2016-11086 is classified under CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation (The product does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate.).
How can I check RubyGems dependencies for CVE-2016-11086?
Run the dependency tree command: 'inspect dependencies for oauth'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-7359-3c6r-hfc2",
  "modified" : "2023-01-24T14:59:50Z",
  "published" : "2021-04-22T16:22:15Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2016-11086" ],
  "summary" : "Improper Certificate Validation in oauth ruby gem",
  "details" : "lib/oauth/consumer.rb in the oauth-ruby gem through 0.5.4 for Ruby does not verify server X.509 certificates if a certificate bundle cannot be found, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive information.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "RubyGems",
      "name" : "oauth"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "0.5.5"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-11086"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/oauth-xx/oauth-ruby/issues/137"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/oauth-xx/oauth-ruby/commit/eb5b00a91d4ef0899082fdba929c34ccad6d4ccb"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/oauth-xx/oauth-ruby"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/oauth-xx/oauth-ruby/releases/tag/v0.5.5"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://rubygems.org/gems/oauth"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-295" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2021-04-20T18:23:58Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2020-09-24T20:15:00Z"
  }
}