CVE-2023-22727: CakePHP Database\\Query SQL Injection Vulnerability

CRITICAL
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-6g8q-qfpv-57wp
Share
CVSS 9.8
CWE-89
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2023-22727 is a CRITICAL (CVSS 9.8) sql injection vulnerability (CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')) affecting CakePHP Database\\Query libraries in the Packagist ecosystem. The issue involves :offset() and limit() methods are vulnerable to sql injection. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 4.2.12, 4.3.11, 4.4.10.

CVE-2023-22727 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2023-22727
GHSA Identifier GHSA-6g8q-qfpv-57wp
Severity CRITICAL
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 9.8
CWE Classification CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Affected Product CakePHP Database\\Query
Package Ecosystem Packagist
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 9.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2023-22727

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected CakePHP Database\\Query dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

cakephp/cakephp fixed: 4.2.12 
Upgrade cakephp/cakephp to 4.2.12
cakephp/cakephp fixed: 4.3.11 
Upgrade cakephp/cakephp to 4.3.11
cakephp/cakephp fixed: 4.4.10 
Upgrade cakephp/cakephp to 4.4.10
cakephp/database fixed: 4.2.12 
Upgrade cakephp/database to 4.2.12
cakephp/database fixed: 4.3.11 
Upgrade cakephp/database to 4.3.11
cakephp/database fixed: 4.4.10 
Upgrade cakephp/database to 4.4.10
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

inspect dependencies for cakephp/cakephp

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your application is affected by CVE-2023-22727, inspect your project dependencies for CakePHP Database\\Query:

inspect dependencies for cakephp/cakephp

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of CakePHP Database\\Query in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 4.2.12), your application is affected.

Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection'), where the product constructs all or part of an sql command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended sql command when it is sent to a downstream component. without sufficient removal or quoting of sql syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated sql query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as sql instead of ordinary user data. In CakePHP Database\\Query, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Impact The `Cake\Database\Query::limit()` and `Cake\Database\Query::offset()` methods are vulnerable to SQL injection if passed un-sanitized user request data. ### Patches This issue has been fixed in 4.2.12, 4.3.11, 4.4.10 ### Workarounds Using CakePHP's Pagination library will mitigate this issue, as will validating or casting parameters to these methods. ### References https://bakery.cakephp.org/2023/01/06/cakephp_4211_4311_4410_released.html

CVE-2023-22727 Affected CakePHP Database\\Query Versions

6 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
4.2.124.3.114.4.10
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
cakephp/cakephp
 Packagist
≥ 4.2.0
< 4.2.12
4.2.12
cakephp/cakephp
 Packagist
≥ 4.3.0
< 4.3.11
4.3.11
cakephp/cakephp
 Packagist
≥ 4.4.0
< 4.4.10
4.4.10
cakephp/database
 Packagist
≥ 4.2.0
< 4.2.12
4.2.12
cakephp/database
 Packagist
≥ 4.3.0
< 4.3.11
4.3.11
cakephp/database
 Packagist
≥ 4.4.0
< 4.4.10
4.4.10

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/security/advisories/GHSA-6g8q-qfpv-57wp
NVD — CVE-2023-22727 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-22727
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/commit/3f463e7084b5a15e67205ced3a622577cca7a239
bakery.cakephp.org/2023/01/06/cakephp_... WEB
https://bakery.cakephp.org/2023/01/06/cakephp_4211_4311_4410_released.html
CakePHP Database\\Query Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2023-22727?
CVE-2023-22727 is a security vulnerability in CakePHP Database\\Query involving :offset() and limit() methods are vulnerable to SQL injection under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection').
Which CakePHP Database\\Query versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 4.2.12, 4.3.11, 4.4.10 across affected packages: cakephp/cakephp, cakephp/database.
What version fixes CVE-2023-22727?
Upgrading to 4.2.12, 4.3.11, 4.4.10 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is cakephp/cakephp affected?
Yes, cakephp/cakephp is affected in releases prior to 4.2.12, 4.3.11, 4.4.10. Upgrade your dependency to 4.2.12, 4.3.11, 4.4.10 or later.
Is cakephp/database affected?
Yes, cakephp/database is affected in releases prior to 4.2.12, 4.3.11, 4.4.10. Upgrade your dependency to 4.2.12, 4.3.11, 4.4.10 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-22727?
CVE-2023-22727 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (CRITICAL) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2023-22727?
CVE-2023-22727 is classified under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') (The product constructs all or part of an SQL command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended SQL command when it is sent to a downstream component. Without sufficient removal or quoting of SQL syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated SQL query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as SQL instead of ordinary user data.).
How can I check Packagist dependencies for CVE-2023-22727?
Run the dependency tree command: 'inspect dependencies for cakephp/cakephp'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-6g8q-qfpv-57wp",
  "modified" : "2023-01-25T16:09:33Z",
  "published" : "2023-01-20T17:30:20Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2023-22727" ],
  "summary" : "CakePHP Database\\\\Query::offset() and limit() methods are vulnerable to SQL injection",
  "details" : "### Impact\n\nThe `Cake\\Database\\Query::limit()` and `Cake\\Database\\Query::offset()` methods are vulnerable to SQL injection if passed un-sanitized user request data.\n\n### Patches\nThis issue has been fixed in 4.2.12, 4.3.11, 4.4.10\n\n### Workarounds\n\nUsing CakePHP's Pagination library will mitigate this issue, as will validating or casting parameters to these methods.\n\n### References\n\nhttps://bakery.cakephp.org/2023/01/06/cakephp_4211_4311_4410_released.html\n",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "cakephp/cakephp"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "4.2.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "4.2.12"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "cakephp/cakephp"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "4.3.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "4.3.11"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "cakephp/cakephp"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "4.4.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "4.4.10"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "cakephp/database"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "4.2.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "4.2.12"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "cakephp/database"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "4.3.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "4.3.11"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "cakephp/database"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "4.4.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "4.4.10"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/security/advisories/GHSA-6g8q-qfpv-57wp"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-22727"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/commit/3f463e7084b5a15e67205ced3a622577cca7a239"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://bakery.cakephp.org/2023/01/06/cakephp_4211_4311_4410_released.html"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-89" ],
    "severity" : "CRITICAL",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2023-01-20T17:30:20Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2023-01-17T21:15:00Z"
  }
}