CVE-2023-28104: Silverstripe/graphql Denial of Service Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-67g8-c724-8mp3
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CVSS 7.5
CWE-770
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2023-28104 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) denial of service vulnerability (CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling) affecting Silverstripe/graphql libraries in the Packagist ecosystem. The issue involves ddos attack on graphql endpoints. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 4.1.2, 4.2.3.

CVE-2023-28104 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2023-28104
GHSA Identifier GHSA-67g8-c724-8mp3
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.5
CWE Classification CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
Affected Product Silverstripe/graphql
Package Ecosystem Packagist
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2023-28104

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Silverstripe/graphql dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

silverstripe/graphql fixed: 4.1.2 
Upgrade silverstripe/graphql to 4.1.2
silverstripe/graphql fixed: 4.2.3 
Upgrade silverstripe/graphql to 4.2.3
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

inspect dependencies for silverstripe/graphql

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your application is affected by CVE-2023-28104, inspect your project dependencies for Silverstripe/graphql:

inspect dependencies for silverstripe/graphql

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Silverstripe/graphql in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 4.1.2), your application is affected.

Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling, where the product allocates a reusable resource or group of resources on behalf of an actor without imposing any intended restrictions on the size or number of resources that can be allocated. In Silverstripe/graphql, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

An attacker could use a specially crafted graphql query to execute a Distributed Denial of Service attack (DDOS attack) against a website. This mostly affects websites with publicly exposed and particularly large/complex graphql schemas. If your Silverstripe CMS project does not expose a public facing graphql schema, a user account is required to trigger the DDOS attack. If your site is hosted behind a content delivery network (CDN), such as Imperva or CloudFlare, this will likely further mitigate the risk. Upgrade to `silverstripe/graphql` 4.2.3 or 4.1.2 or above to remedy the vulnerability.

CVE-2023-28104 Affected Silverstripe/graphql Versions

2 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
4.1.24.2.3
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
silverstripe/graphql
 Packagist
≥ 4.1.1
< 4.1.2
4.1.2
silverstripe/graphql
 Packagist
≥ 4.2.2
< 4.2.3
4.2.3

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/silverstripe/silverstripe-graphql/security/advisories/GHSA-67g8-c724-8mp3
NVD — CVE-2023-28104 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-28104
Silverstripe/graphql Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/silverstripe/silverstripe-graphql/pull/526
Silverstripe/graphql Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/silverstripe/graphql/CVE-2023-28104.yaml
Silverstripe/graphql Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/silverstripe/silverstripe-graphql
Silverstripe/graphql Release RELEASE
https://github.com/silverstripe/silverstripe-graphql/releases/tag/4.1.2
Silverstripe/graphql Release RELEASE
https://github.com/silverstripe/silverstripe-graphql/releases/tag/4.2.3
Silverstripe/graphql Release RELEASE
https://www.silverstripe.org/download/security-releases/CVE-2023-28104

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2023-28104?
CVE-2023-28104 is a security vulnerability in Silverstripe/graphql involving DDOS attack on graphql endpoints under CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling.
Which Silverstripe/graphql versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 4.1.2, 4.2.3 across affected packages: silverstripe/graphql.
What version fixes CVE-2023-28104?
Upgrading to 4.1.2, 4.2.3 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is silverstripe/graphql affected?
Yes, silverstripe/graphql is affected in releases prior to 4.1.2, 4.2.3. Upgrade your dependency to 4.1.2, 4.2.3 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-28104?
CVE-2023-28104 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2023-28104?
CVE-2023-28104 is classified under CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling (The product allocates a reusable resource or group of resources on behalf of an actor without imposing any intended restrictions on the size or number of resources that can be allocated.).
How can I check Packagist dependencies for CVE-2023-28104?
Run the dependency tree command: 'inspect dependencies for silverstripe/graphql'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-67g8-c724-8mp3",
  "modified" : "2023-03-16T21:38:40Z",
  "published" : "2023-03-16T17:22:17Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2023-28104" ],
  "summary" : "DDOS attack on graphql endpoints",
  "details" : "An attacker could use a specially crafted graphql query to execute a Distributed Denial of Service attack (DDOS attack) against a website. This mostly affects websites with publicly exposed and particularly large/complex graphql schemas.\n\nIf your Silverstripe CMS project does not expose a public facing graphql schema, a user account is required to trigger the DDOS attack. If your site is hosted behind a content delivery network (CDN), such as Imperva or CloudFlare, this will likely further mitigate the risk.\n\nUpgrade to `silverstripe/graphql` 4.2.3 or 4.1.2 or above to remedy the vulnerability.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "silverstripe/graphql"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "4.1.1"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "4.1.2"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "silverstripe/graphql"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "4.2.2"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "4.2.3"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/silverstripe/silverstripe-graphql/security/advisories/GHSA-67g8-c724-8mp3"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-28104"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/silverstripe/silverstripe-graphql/pull/526"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/silverstripe/graphql/CVE-2023-28104.yaml"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/silverstripe/silverstripe-graphql"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/silverstripe/silverstripe-graphql/releases/tag/4.1.2"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/silverstripe/silverstripe-graphql/releases/tag/4.2.3"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.silverstripe.org/download/security-releases/CVE-2023-28104"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-770" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2023-03-16T17:22:17Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2023-03-16T16:15:00Z"
  }
}