CVE-2025-22149: Github.com/MicahParks/jwkset JWK Set's HTTP Client Only Vulnerability
LOWCVE-2025-22149 is a LOW jwk set's http client only vulnerability (CWE-672: Operation on a Resource after Expiration or Release) affecting Github.com/MicahParks/jwkset libraries in the Go ecosystem. The issue involves jwk set's http client only overwrites and appends jwk to local cache during refresh. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 0.6.0.
CVE-2025-22149 at a Glance
How to Fix CVE-2025-22149
To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Github.com/MicahParks/jwkset dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.
Upgrade github.com/MicahParks/jwkset to 0.6.0Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:
inspect dependencies for github.com/MicahParks/jwksetHow to Check if You Are Affected
To determine whether your application is affected by CVE-2025-22149, inspect your project dependencies for Github.com/MicahParks/jwkset:
inspect dependencies for github.com/MicahParks/jwksetAnalyze the terminal output to locate any version of Github.com/MicahParks/jwkset in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 0.6.0), your application is affected.
Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.
Technical Details
Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis
This vulnerability is classified under CWE-672: Operation on a Resource after Expiration or Release, where the product uses, accesses, or otherwise operates on a resource after that resource has been expired, released, or revoked. In Github.com/MicahParks/jwkset, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.
Source Advisory Statement
CVE-2025-22149 Affected Github.com/MicahParks/jwkset Versions
1 component(s)| Product / Package | Ecosystem | Affected Versions | Fixed Version |
|---|---|---|---|
|
github.com/MicahParks/jwkset
|
Go |
≥ 0.5.0
< 0.6.0
|
0.6.0
|
References
Frequently Asked Questions
What is CVE-2025-22149?
Which Github.com/MicahParks/jwkset versions are affected?
What version fixes CVE-2025-22149?
Is github.com/MicahParks/jwkset affected?
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-22149?
How can I check Go dependencies for CVE-2025-22149?
Machine-readable OSV JSON
OSV v1.5 Schema
{
"schema_version" : "1.4.0",
"id" : "GHSA-675f-rq2r-jw82",
"modified" : "2025-01-09T18:57:32Z",
"published" : "2025-01-09T17:23:43Z",
"aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-22149" ],
"summary" : "JWK Set's HTTP client only overwrites and appends JWK to local cache during refresh",
"details" : "### Impact\nThe project's provided HTTP client's local JWK Set cache should do a full replacement when the goroutine refreshes the remote JWK Set. The current behavior is to overwrite or append. This is a security issue for use cases that utilize the provided auto-caching HTTP client and where key removal from a JWK Set is equivalent to revocation.\n\nExample attack scenario:\n1. An attacker has stolen the private key for a key published in JWK Set.\n2. The publishers of that JWK Set remove that key from the JWK Set.\n3. Enough time has passed that the program using the auto-caching HTTP client found in `github.com/MicahParks/jwkset` v0.5.0-v0.5.21 has elapsed its `HTTPClientStorageOptions.RefreshInterval` duration, causing a refresh of the remote JWK Set.\n4. The attacker is signing content (such as JWTs) with the stolen private key and the system has no other forms of revocation.\n\n### Patches\nThe affected auto-caching HTTP client was added in version `v0.5.0` and fixed in `v0.6.0`. Upgrade to `v0.6.0` or later.\n\n### Workarounds\nThe only workaround would be to remove the provided auto-caching HTTP client and replace it with a custom implementation. This involves setting the `HTTPClientStorageOptions.RefreshInterval` to zero (or not specifying the value). Upgrade to `v0.6.0` is advised.\n\n### References\nPlease see the tracking issue on GitHub for additional details: https://github.com/MicahParks/jwkset/issues/40\n",
"severity" : [ {
"type" : "CVSS_V4",
"score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N"
} ],
"affected" : [ {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "Go",
"name" : "github.com/MicahParks/jwkset"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "0.5.0"
}, {
"fixed" : "0.6.0"
} ]
} ],
"database_specific" : {
"last_known_affected_version_range" : "<= 0.5.21"
}
} ],
"references" : [ {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/MicahParks/jwkset/security/advisories/GHSA-675f-rq2r-jw82"
}, {
"type" : "ADVISORY",
"url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-22149"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/MicahParks/jwkset/issues/40"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/MicahParks/jwkset/pull/41"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/MicahParks/jwkset/commit/01db49a90f7f20c7fb39a699a2f19a7a5f379ed3"
}, {
"type" : "PACKAGE",
"url" : "https://github.com/MicahParks/jwkset"
} ],
"database_specific" : {
"cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-672" ],
"severity" : "LOW",
"github_reviewed" : true,
"github_reviewed_at" : "2025-01-09T17:23:43Z",
"nvd_published_at" : "2025-01-09T18:15:30Z"
}
}