CVE-2024-31864: Zeppelin jdbc Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

CRITICAL
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-66j8-c83m-gj5f
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CVSS 9.8
CWE-94
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2024-31864 is a CRITICAL (CVSS 9.8) remote code execution vulnerability (CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')) affecting Zeppelin jdbc libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves apache zeppelin remote code execution by adding malicious jdbc connection string. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 0.11.1.

CVE-2024-31864 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2024-31864
GHSA Identifier GHSA-66j8-c83m-gj5f
Severity CRITICAL
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 9.8
CWE Classification CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Affected Product Zeppelin jdbc
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 9.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2024-31864

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Zeppelin jdbc dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

org.apache.zeppelin:zeppelin-jdbc fixed: 0.11.1 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.zeppelin</groupId>
    <artifactId>zeppelin-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>0.11.1</version>
</dependency>
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.zeppelin

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2024-31864, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.zeppelin

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Zeppelin jdbc in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 0.11.1), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.zeppelin command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection'), where the product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment. In Zeppelin jdbc, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in Apache Zeppelin. The attacker can inject sensitive configuration or malicious code when connecting MySQL database via JDBC driver. This issue affects Apache Zeppelin: before 0.11.1. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 0.11.1, which fixes the issue.

CVE-2024-31864 Affected Zeppelin jdbc Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
0.11.1
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
org.apache.zeppelin:zeppelin-jdbc
maven/org.apache.zeppelin/zeppelin-jdbc
Maven
< 0.11.1
0.11.1

References

NVD — CVE-2024-31864 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-31864
Zeppelin jdbc Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/apache/zeppelin/pull/4709
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/apache/zeppelin/commit/e65b5430e43c076c138a1f56e3f2aba1324118f2
Zeppelin jdbc Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/apache/zeppelin
issues.apache.org/jira/browse/zeppeli... WEB
https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ZEPPELIN-5990
lists.apache.org/thread/752qdk0rnkd9... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread/752qdk0rnkd9nqtornz734zwb7xdwcdb
CVE Official Record — CVE-2024-31864 CVE
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-11974
Zeppelin jdbc Security Information SECURITY
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/04/09/8
Zeppelin jdbc Security Information SECURITY
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/08/03/3

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2024-31864?
CVE-2024-31864 is a security vulnerability in Zeppelin jdbc involving Apache Zeppelin remote code execution by adding malicious JDBC connection string under CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection').
Which Zeppelin jdbc versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 0.11.1 across affected packages: org.apache.zeppelin:zeppelin-jdbc.
What version fixes CVE-2024-31864?
Upgrading to 0.11.1 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is zeppelin-jdbc affected?
Yes, org.apache.zeppelin:zeppelin-jdbc is affected in releases prior to 0.11.1. Upgrade your dependency to 0.11.1 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2024-31864?
CVE-2024-31864 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (CRITICAL) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2024-31864?
CVE-2024-31864 is classified under CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') (The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2024-31864?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.zeppelin'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-66j8-c83m-gj5f",
  "modified" : "2025-11-05T19:57:46Z",
  "published" : "2024-04-09T18:30:22Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2024-31864" ],
  "summary" : "Apache Zeppelin remote code execution by adding malicious JDBC connection string",
  "details" : "Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in Apache Zeppelin.\n\nThe attacker can inject sensitive configuration or malicious code when connecting MySQL database via JDBC driver. This issue affects Apache Zeppelin: before 0.11.1.\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 0.11.1, which fixes the issue.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.apache.zeppelin:zeppelin-jdbc"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "0.11.1"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-31864"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/apache/zeppelin/pull/4709"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/apache/zeppelin/commit/e65b5430e43c076c138a1f56e3f2aba1324118f2"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/apache/zeppelin"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/ZEPPELIN-5990"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://lists.apache.org/thread/752qdk0rnkd9nqtornz734zwb7xdwcdb"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-11974"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/04/09/8"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/08/03/3"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-94" ],
    "severity" : "CRITICAL",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2024-04-11T20:13:39Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2024-04-09T16:15:08Z"
  }
}