CVE-2025-66030: Node forge Node-forge Is Vulnerable To ASN.1 Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-65ch-62r8-g69g
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CWE-190
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-66030 is a MODERATE node-forge is vulnerable to asn.1 vulnerability (CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound) affecting Node forge libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves node-forge is vulnerable to asn.1 oid integer truncation. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 1.3.2.

CVE-2025-66030 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-66030
GHSA Identifier GHSA-65ch-62r8-g69g
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score N/A
CWE Classification CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound
Affected Product Node forge
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

How to Fix CVE-2025-66030

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Node forge dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

node-forge fixed: 1.3.2 
npm install node-forge@1.3.2
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls node-forge

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2025-66030, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls node-forge

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Node forge in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 1.3.2), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls node-forge command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound, where the product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. this occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. when this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number. In Node forge, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Summary **MITRE-Formatted CVE Description** An Integer Overflow (CWE-190) vulnerability in node-forge versions 1.3.1 and below enables remote, unauthenticated attackers to craft ASN.1 structures containing OIDs with oversized arcs. These arcs may be decoded as smaller, trusted OIDs due to 32-bit bitwise truncation, enabling the bypass of downstream OID-based security decisions. ### Description An ASN.1 OID Integer Truncation vulnerability exists in the node-forge `asn1.derToOid` function within `forge/lib/asn1.js`. OID components are decoded using JavaScript's bitwise left-shift operator (`<<`), which forcibly casts values to 32-bit signed integers. Consequently, if an attacker provides a mathematically unique, very large OID arc integer exceeding $2^{31}-1$, the value silently overflows and wraps around rather than throwing an error. ### Impact This vulnerability allows a specially crafted ASN.1 object to spoof an OID, where a malicious certificate with a massive, invalid OID is misinterpreted by the library as a trusted, standard OID, potentially bypassing security controls. This vulnerability impacts the `asn1.derToOid` function in `node-forge` before patched version `1.3.2`. Any downstream application using this component is impacted. This component may be leveraged by downstream applications in ways that enables partial compromise of integrity, leading to potential availability and confidentiality compromises.

CVE-2025-66030 Affected Node forge Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
1.3.2
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
node-forge
npm/node-forge
npm
< 1.3.2
1.3.2

References

NVD — CVE-2025-66030 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66030
GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/security/advisories/GHSA-65ch-62r8-g69g
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/commit/3e0c35ace169cfca529a3e547a7848dc7bf57fdb
Node forge Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-66030?
CVE-2025-66030 is a security vulnerability in Node forge involving node-forge is vulnerable to ASN.1 OID Integer Truncation under CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound.
Which Node forge versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 1.3.2 across affected packages: node-forge.
What version fixes CVE-2025-66030?
Upgrading to 1.3.2 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is node-forge affected?
Yes, node-forge is affected in releases prior to 1.3.2. Upgrade your dependency to 1.3.2 or later.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-66030?
CVE-2025-66030 is classified under CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound (The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2025-66030?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls node-forge'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-65ch-62r8-g69g",
  "modified" : "2025-12-01T16:02:52Z",
  "published" : "2025-11-26T22:07:44Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-66030" ],
  "summary" : "node-forge is vulnerable to ASN.1 OID Integer Truncation",
  "details" : "### Summary\n\n**MITRE-Formatted CVE Description**\nAn Integer Overflow (CWE-190) vulnerability in node-forge versions 1.3.1 and below enables remote, unauthenticated attackers to craft ASN.1 structures containing OIDs with oversized arcs. These arcs may be decoded as smaller, trusted OIDs due to 32-bit bitwise truncation, enabling the bypass of downstream OID-based security decisions.\n\n### Description\n\nAn ASN.1 OID Integer Truncation vulnerability exists in the node-forge `asn1.derToOid` function within `forge/lib/asn1.js`. OID components are decoded using JavaScript's bitwise left-shift operator (`<<`), which forcibly casts values to 32-bit signed integers. Consequently, if an attacker provides a mathematically unique, very large OID arc integer exceeding $2^{31}-1$, the value silently overflows and wraps around rather than throwing an error. \n\n### Impact\n\nThis vulnerability allows a specially crafted ASN.1 object to spoof an OID, where a malicious certificate with a massive, invalid OID is misinterpreted by the library as a trusted, standard OID, potentially bypassing security controls.\n\nThis vulnerability impacts the `asn1.derToOid` function in `node-forge` before patched version `1.3.2`. \n\nAny downstream application using this component is impacted. This component may be leveraged by downstream applications in ways that enables partial compromise of integrity, leading to potential availability and confidentiality compromises.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "node-forge"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.3.2"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/security/advisories/GHSA-65ch-62r8-g69g"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66030"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/commit/3e0c35ace169cfca529a3e547a7848dc7bf57fdb"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-190" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-11-26T22:07:44Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-11-26T23:15:49Z"
  }
}