GHSA-652q-gvq3-74qv: n8n SQL Injection Vulnerability

MODERATE
Share
CWE-89
Published
Advisory Summary

GHSA-652q-gvq3-74qv is a MODERATE sql injection vulnerability (CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')) affecting n8n libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves snowflake node executequery operation allows sql injection via unparameterized expression interpolation. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 1.123.67, 2.32.1, 2.31.5.

GHSA-652q-gvq3-74qv at a Glance

CVE Identifier N/A
GHSA Identifier GHSA-652q-gvq3-74qv
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score N/A
CWE Classification CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Affected Product n8n
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

How to Fix GHSA-652q-gvq3-74qv

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected n8n dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

n8n fixed: 1.123.67 
npm install n8n@1.123.67
n8n fixed: 2.32.1 
npm install n8n@2.32.1
n8n fixed: 2.31.5 
npm install n8n@2.31.5
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls n8n

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by GHSA-652q-gvq3-74qv, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls n8n

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of n8n in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 1.123.67), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls n8n command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection'), where the product constructs all or part of an sql command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended sql command when it is sent to a downstream component. without sufficient removal or quoting of sql syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated sql query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as sql instead of ordinary user data. In n8n, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

## Impact The n8n Snowflake node's Execute Query operation interpolated expression values directly into the SQL string, making queries built with untrusted data susceptible to SQL injection. Exploitation requires that a workflow author has already embedded untrusted expression data directly in a raw SQL query. ## Patches The issue has been fixed in n8n versions 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability. The fix introduces an optional "Query Parameters" field that allows values to be bound via positional placeholders rather than interpolated into the query string. ## Workarounds If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations: - Restrict workflow creation and editing permissions to fully trusted users only. - Audit existing workflows that use the Snowflake `executeQuery` operation and ensure no expression resolving to externally-controlled data is embedded directly in a raw SQL query string. - Restrict network access to any webhook or trigger endpoints that feed data into Snowflake `executeQuery` nodes. These workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.

GHSA-652q-gvq3-74qv Affected n8n Versions

3 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
1.123.672.32.12.31.5
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
n8n
npm/n8n
npm
< 1.123.67
1.123.67
n8n
npm/n8n
npm
≥ 2.32.0
< 2.32.1
2.32.1
n8n
npm/n8n
npm
≥ 2.0.0-rc.0
< 2.31.5
2.31.5

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-652q-gvq3-74qv
n8n Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n
n8n Release RELEASE
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@1.123.67
n8n Release RELEASE
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.31.5
n8n Release RELEASE
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.32.1

Frequently Asked Questions

What is GHSA-652q-gvq3-74qv?
GHSA-652q-gvq3-74qv is a security vulnerability in n8n involving Snowflake Node executeQuery Operation Allows SQL Injection via Unparameterized Expression Interpolation under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection').
Which n8n versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 1.123.67, 2.32.1, 2.31.5 across affected packages: n8n.
What version fixes GHSA-652q-gvq3-74qv?
Upgrading to 1.123.67, 2.32.1, 2.31.5 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is n8n affected?
Yes, n8n is affected in releases prior to 1.123.67, 2.32.1, 2.31.5. Upgrade your dependency to 1.123.67, 2.32.1, 2.31.5 or later.
What CWE is associated with GHSA-652q-gvq3-74qv?
GHSA-652q-gvq3-74qv is classified under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') (The product constructs all or part of an SQL command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended SQL command when it is sent to a downstream component. Without sufficient removal or quoting of SQL syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated SQL query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as SQL instead of ordinary user data.).
How can I check npm dependencies for GHSA-652q-gvq3-74qv?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls n8n'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-652q-gvq3-74qv",
  "modified" : "2026-07-22T23:20:24Z",
  "published" : "2026-07-22T23:20:24Z",
  "aliases" : [ ],
  "summary" : "n8n: Snowflake Node executeQuery Operation Allows SQL Injection via Unparameterized Expression Interpolation",
  "details" : "## Impact\n\nThe n8n Snowflake node's Execute Query operation interpolated expression values directly into the SQL string, making queries built with untrusted data susceptible to SQL injection.\n\nExploitation requires that a workflow author has already embedded untrusted expression data directly in a raw SQL query.\n\n## Patches\n\nThe issue has been fixed in n8n versions 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability. The fix introduces an optional \"Query Parameters\" field that allows values to be bound via positional placeholders rather than interpolated into the query string.\n\n## Workarounds\n\nIf upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations:\n- Restrict workflow creation and editing permissions to fully trusted users only.\n- Audit existing workflows that use the Snowflake `executeQuery` operation and ensure no expression resolving to externally-controlled data is embedded directly in a raw SQL query string.\n- Restrict network access to any webhook or trigger endpoints that feed data into Snowflake `executeQuery` nodes.\n\nThese workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N"
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  }, {
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  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-89" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-07-22T23:20:24Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : null
  }
}