CVE-2024-49365: Tiny secp256k1 Tiny-secp256k1 Allows For Verify() Bypass Vulnerability

{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-5vhg-9xg4-cv9m",
  "modified" : "2025-07-01T13:13:38Z",
  "published" : "2025-06-30T17:44:14Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2024-49365" ],
  "summary" : "tiny-secp256k1 allows for verify() bypass when running in bundled environment",
  "details" : "### Summary\n\nA malicious JSON-stringifyable message can be made passing on `verify()`, when global Buffer is [`buffer` package](https://www.npmjs.com/package/buffer)\n\n### Details\n\nThis affects only environments where `require('buffer')` is <https://npmjs.com/buffer>\nE.g.: browser bundles, React Native apps, etc.\n\n`Buffer.isBuffer` check can be bypassed, resulting in strange objects being accepted as `message`, and those messages could trick `verify()` into returning false-positive `true` values\n\nv2.x is unaffected as it verifies input to be an actual `Uint8Array` instance\n\nSuch a message can be constructed for any already known message/signature pair\nThere are some restrictions though (also depending on the known message/signature), but not very limiting, see PoC for example\n\nhttps://github.com/bitcoinjs/tiny-secp256k1/pull/140 is a subtle fix for this\n\n### PoC\n\nThis code deliberately doesn't provide `reencode` for now, could be updated later\n\n```js\nimport { randomBytes } from 'crypto'\nimport tiny from 'tiny-secp256k1' // 1.1.6\n\n// Random keypair\nconst privateKey = randomBytes(32)\nconst publicKey = tiny.pointFromScalar(privateKey)\n\nconst valid = Buffer.alloc(32).fill(255) // let's sign a static buffer\nconst signature = tiny.sign(valid, privateKey)\n\n// Prevent processing any unverified data by fail-closed throwing\nfunction verified(data, signature) {\n  if (!Buffer.isBuffer(data)) data = Buffer.from(data, 'hex')\n  if (!tiny.verify(data, publicKey, signature)) throw new Error('Signature invalid!')\n  return new Uint8Array(data)\n}\n\nfunction safeProcess(payload) {\n  const totally = JSON.parse(payload) // e.g. json over network\n\n  const message = verified(totally, signature)\n  console.log(message instanceof Uint8Array)\n  console.log(Buffer.from(message).toString('utf8'))  \n}\n\nconst payload = reencode(valid, \"Secure contain protect\")\nsafeProcess(payload)\n```\n\nOutput (after being bundled):\n```console\ntrue\nSecure contain protect����\n```\n\n### Impact\n\nMalicious messages could crafted to be verified from a given known valid message/signature pair",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "tiny-secp256k1"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.1.7"
      } ]
    } ],
    "database_specific" : {
      "last_known_affected_version_range" : "<= 1.1.6"
    }
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/bitcoinjs/tiny-secp256k1/security/advisories/GHSA-5vhg-9xg4-cv9m"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-49365"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/bitcoinjs/tiny-secp256k1/pull/140"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/bitcoinjs/tiny-secp256k1"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-347" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-06-30T17:44:14Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-07-01T03:15:21Z"
  }
}