CVE-2025-23387: Github.com/rancher/rancher Rancher's SAML-based Login Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-5qmp-9x47-92q8
CVSS 5.3
CWE-200
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-23387 is a MODERATE (CVSS 5.3) rancher's saml-based login vulnerability (CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor) affecting Github.com/rancher/rancher libraries in the Go ecosystem. The issue involves rancher's saml-based login via cli can be denied by unauthenticated users. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 2.8.13, 2.9.7, 2.10.3.

CVE-2025-23387 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-23387
GHSA Identifier GHSA-5qmp-9x47-92q8
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 5.3
CWE Classification CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
Affected Product Github.com/rancher/rancher
Package Ecosystem Go
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 5.3

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability Low (A:L)

How to Fix CVE-2025-23387

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Github.com/rancher/rancher dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

github.com/rancher/rancher fixed: 2.8.13
Upgrade github.com/rancher/rancher to 2.8.13
github.com/rancher/rancher fixed: 2.9.7
Upgrade github.com/rancher/rancher to 2.9.7
github.com/rancher/rancher fixed: 2.10.3
Upgrade github.com/rancher/rancher to 2.10.3
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:

inspect dependencies for github.com/rancher/rancher

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your application is affected by CVE-2025-23387, inspect your project dependencies for Github.com/rancher/rancher:

inspect dependencies for github.com/rancher/rancher

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Github.com/rancher/rancher in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 2.8.13), your application is affected.

Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor, where the product exposes sensitive information to an actor that is not explicitly authorized to have access to that information. In Github.com/rancher/rancher, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Impact A vulnerability has been identified within Rancher where it is possible for an unauthenticated user to list all CLI authentication tokens and delete them before the CLI is able to get the token value. This effectively prevents users from logging in via the CLI when using rancher token as the execution command (instead of the token directly being in the kubeconfig). Note that this token is not the kubeconfig token and if an attacker is able to intercept it they can't use it to impersonate a real user since it is encrypted. This happens because for SAML-based authentication providers, the login flow from the CLI works by generating a link to be pasted in the browser, and then polling every 10 seconds for the `/v3-public/authTokens/<token name>` endpoint. The `<token name>` is randomly generated by the CLI. Once the login flow succeeds, Rancher creates an auth token (with an encrypted token value). The CLI then deletes the authToken. Rancher deployments using only the local authentication provider, or non-SAML-based authentication providers, are not impacted by this vulnerability. SAML-based users not using the CLI are also not impacted. Please consult the associated [MITRE ATT&CK - Technique - Account Access Removal](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1531/) for further information about this category of attack. ### Patches The fix involves removing GET and DELETE methods for the authTokens collection. Patched versions include releases `v2.8.13`, `v2.9.7` and `v2.10.3`. ### Workarounds Users can refrain from using the Rancher CLI to log in as a workaround. Otherwise, users are advised to upgrade to a patched version of Rancher Manager. ### References If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: - Reach out to the [SUSE Rancher Security team](https://github.com/rancher/rancher/security/policy) for security related inquiries. - Open an issue in the [Rancher](https://github.com/rancher/rancher/issues/new/choose) repository. - Verify with our [support matrix](https://www.suse.com/suse-rancher/support-matrix/all-supported-versions/) and [product support lifecycle](https://www.suse.com/lifecycle/).

CVE-2025-23387 Affected Github.com/rancher/rancher Versions

3 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
2.8.132.9.72.10.3
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
github.com/rancher/rancher
Go
≥ 2.8.0
< 2.8.13
2.8.13
github.com/rancher/rancher
Go
≥ 2.9.0
< 2.9.7
2.9.7
github.com/rancher/rancher
Go
≥ 2.10.0
< 2.10.3
2.10.3

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/rancher/rancher/security/advisories/GHSA-5qmp-9x47-92q8
NVD — CVE-2025-23387 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-23387
Github.com/rancher/rancher Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/rancher/rancher/pull/48616
Github.com/rancher/rancher Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/rancher/rancher/pull/48998
Github.com/rancher/rancher Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/rancher/rancher/pull/48999
Github.com/rancher/rancher Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/rancher/rancher/pull/49000
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/rancher/rancher/commit/2481630c4a5a75d81eb69d10d7558ea833395a1e
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/rancher/rancher/commit/bedd911b9b321436faa2d9e20a161f6ac396aa74
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/rancher/rancher/commit/ceeedb1aa67c319f4873615f19c3f56a66f39706
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/rancher/rancher/commit/dfa034d05a55b5e57990a1f700176dcd8e963dbc
bugzilla.suse.com/show_bug.cgi WEB
https://bugzilla.suse.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2025-23387
Github.com/rancher/rancher Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/rancher/rancher
Github.com/rancher/rancher Release RELEASE
https://github.com/rancher/rancher/releases/tag/v2.10.3
Github.com/rancher/rancher Release RELEASE
https://github.com/rancher/rancher/releases/tag/v2.8.13
Github.com/rancher/rancher Release RELEASE
https://github.com/rancher/rancher/releases/tag/v2.9.7

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-23387?
CVE-2025-23387 is a security vulnerability in Github.com/rancher/rancher involving Rancher's SAML-based login via CLI can be denied by unauthenticated users under CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor.
Which Github.com/rancher/rancher versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 2.8.13, 2.9.7, 2.10.3 across affected packages: github.com/rancher/rancher.
What version fixes CVE-2025-23387?
Upgrading to 2.8.13, 2.9.7, 2.10.3 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is github.com/rancher/rancher affected?
Yes, github.com/rancher/rancher is affected in releases prior to 2.8.13, 2.9.7, 2.10.3. Upgrade your dependency to 2.8.13, 2.9.7, 2.10.3 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-23387?
CVE-2025-23387 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-23387?
CVE-2025-23387 is classified under CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor (The product exposes sensitive information to an actor that is not explicitly authorized to have access to that information.).
How can I check Go dependencies for CVE-2025-23387?
Run the dependency tree command: 'inspect dependencies for github.com/rancher/rancher'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
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  "id" : "GHSA-5qmp-9x47-92q8",
  "modified" : "2025-05-27T18:32:38Z",
  "published" : "2025-02-27T18:27:41Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-23387" ],
  "summary" : "Rancher's SAML-based login via CLI can be denied by unauthenticated users",
  "details" : "### Impact\nA vulnerability has been identified within Rancher where it is possible for an unauthenticated user to list all CLI authentication tokens and delete them before the CLI is able to get the token value. This effectively prevents users from logging in via the CLI when using rancher token as the execution command (instead of the token directly being in the kubeconfig). \n\nNote that this token is not the kubeconfig token and if an attacker is able to intercept it they can't use it to impersonate a real user since it is encrypted.\n\nThis happens because for SAML-based authentication providers, the login flow from the CLI works by generating a link to be pasted in the browser, and then polling every 10 seconds for the `/v3-public/authTokens/<token name>` endpoint.  The `<token name>` is randomly generated by the CLI. Once the login flow succeeds, Rancher creates an auth token (with an encrypted token value). The CLI then deletes the authToken.\n\n\nRancher deployments using only the local authentication provider, or non-SAML-based authentication providers, are not impacted by this vulnerability. SAML-based users not using the CLI are also not impacted.\n\n\nPlease consult the associated  [MITRE ATT&CK - Technique - Account Access Removal](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1531/) for further information about this category of attack.\n\n### Patches\nThe fix involves removing GET and DELETE methods for the authTokens collection.\n\nPatched versions include releases `v2.8.13`, `v2.9.7` and `v2.10.3`.\n\n### Workarounds\nUsers can refrain from using the Rancher CLI to log in as a workaround. Otherwise, users are advised to upgrade to a patched version of Rancher Manager.\n\n### References\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n- Reach out to the [SUSE Rancher Security team](https://github.com/rancher/rancher/security/policy) for security related inquiries.\n- Open an issue in the [Rancher](https://github.com/rancher/rancher/issues/new/choose) repository.\n- Verify with our [support matrix](https://www.suse.com/suse-rancher/support-matrix/all-supported-versions/) and [product support lifecycle](https://www.suse.com/lifecycle/).",
  "severity" : [ {
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    "url" : "https://github.com/rancher/rancher/pull/48998"
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  "database_specific" : {
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    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-04-11T11:15:42Z"
  }
}