CVE-2026-85491: Software Security Vulnerability Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-5qhg-xgvp-wq2g
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CVSS 8.8
CWE-706
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2026-85491 is a HIGH (CVSS 8.8) security vulnerability vulnerability (CWE-706: Use of Incorrectly-Resolved Name or Reference) affecting Software libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The weakness occurs when the product uses a name or reference to access a resource, but the name/reference resolves to a resource that is outside of the intended control sphere.. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.

CVE-2026-85491 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2026-85491
GHSA Identifier GHSA-5qhg-xgvp-wq2g
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 8.8
CWE Classification CWE-706: Use of Incorrectly-Resolved Name or Reference
Affected Product Software
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 8.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required Low (PR:L)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2026-85491

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Software dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2026-85491, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Software in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-706: Use of Incorrectly-Resolved Name or Reference, where the product uses a name or reference to access a resource, but the name/reference resolves to a resource that is outside of the intended control sphere. In Software, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Catalyst::Seal versions before 0.03 for Perl allow one request to disable a path or route a later one past an authorization check via a dispatch memo keyed on the request path alone. Catalyst::Seal replaces the dispatcher's prepare_action with a version that memoises how a path resolved: which dispatch type matched, at which level, and what was left over as arguments. The key is the request path and nothing else. Action roles that match on the method, content type, scheme or query make that resolution depend on state the key does not carry, so the memo answers for a request it was not built from. A path that resolves to no action is memoised as well, and replaying that entry returns without consulting any dispatch type, so no action is set and the request fails. A GET of a path whose action is declared POST-only therefore disables that path for every later request, the correct POST included. An entry that did resolve replays the level the earlier descent reached. Where a POST-only action sits below a shallower action on the same path, a GET memoises the shallow route, and a later POST is dispatched there with an auto() guarding the deeper controller never running. The memo is cleared only when an action is registered, which happens at setup, so an entry lasts for the life of the process, and its cap of 2048 entries bounds how many paths one caller can disable. In the configuration measured, the misroute lands on the less privileged action, so it is an authorization check not running rather than a privilege gain.

References

NVD — CVE-2026-85491 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-85491
metacpan.org/release/lnation/cat... WEB
https://metacpan.org/release/LNATION/Catalyst-Seal-0.02/source/lib/Catalyst/Seal/Dispatch.pm#L237-280
metacpan.org/release/lnation/cat... WEB
https://metacpan.org/release/LNATION/Catalyst-Seal-0.03/changes
Software Security Information SECURITY
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/09/24/8
Software Security Information SECURITY
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/09/24/9

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-85491?
CVE-2026-85491 is a security vulnerability in Software classified as a security vulnerability vulnerability under CWE-706: Use of Incorrectly-Resolved Name or Reference.
Which Software versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to current release patches.
What version fixes CVE-2026-85491?
Upgrading to current release patches (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-85491?
CVE-2026-85491 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2026-85491?
CVE-2026-85491 is classified under CWE-706: Use of Incorrectly-Resolved Name or Reference (The product uses a name or reference to access a resource, but the name/reference resolves to a resource that is outside of the intended control sphere.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2026-85491?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
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  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-5qhg-xgvp-wq2g",
  "modified" : "2026-09-25T18:31:21Z",
  "published" : "2026-09-25T00:33:04Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-85491" ],
  "details" : "Catalyst::Seal versions before 0.03 for Perl allow one request to disable a path or route a later one past an authorization check via a dispatch memo keyed on the request path alone.\n\nCatalyst::Seal replaces the dispatcher's prepare_action with a version that memoises how a path resolved: which dispatch type matched, at which level, and what was left over as arguments. The key is the request path and nothing else. Action roles that match on the method, content type, scheme or query make that resolution depend on state the key does not carry, so the memo answers for a request it was not built from.\n\nA path that resolves to no action is memoised as well, and replaying that entry returns without consulting any dispatch type, so no action is set and the request fails. A GET of a path whose action is declared POST-only therefore disables that path for every later request, the correct POST included. An entry that did resolve replays the level the earlier descent reached. Where a POST-only action sits below a shallower action on the same path, a GET memoises the shallow route, and a later POST is dispatched there with an auto() guarding the deeper controller never running.\n\nThe memo is cleared only when an action is registered, which happens at setup, so an entry lasts for the life of the process, and its cap of 2048 entries bounds how many paths one caller can disable. In the configuration measured, the misroute lands on the less privileged action, so it is an authorization check not running rather than a privilege gain.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-85491"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://metacpan.org/release/LNATION/Catalyst-Seal-0.02/source/lib/Catalyst/Seal/Dispatch.pm#L237-280"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://metacpan.org/release/LNATION/Catalyst-Seal-0.03/changes"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/09/24/8"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/09/24/9"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-706" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : false,
    "github_reviewed_at" : null,
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-09-24T22:17:02Z"
  }
}