CVE-2020-25631: Moodle/moodle Cross-Site Scripting Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-4w4j-9533-82qg
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CVSS 6.1
CWE-79
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2020-25631 is a MODERATE (CVSS 6.1) cross-site scripting vulnerability (CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')) affecting Moodle/moodle libraries in the Packagist ecosystem. The issue involves moodle cross-site scripting (xss). Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 3.9.2, 3.8.5, 3.7.8.

CVE-2020-25631 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2020-25631
GHSA Identifier GHSA-4w4j-9533-82qg
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 6.1
CWE Classification CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Affected Product Moodle/moodle
Package Ecosystem Packagist
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 6.1

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction Required (UI:R)
Scope Changed (S:C)
Confidentiality Low (C:L)
Integrity Low (I:L)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2020-25631

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Moodle/moodle dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

moodle/moodle fixed: 3.9.2 
Upgrade moodle/moodle to 3.9.2
moodle/moodle fixed: 3.8.5 
Upgrade moodle/moodle to 3.8.5
moodle/moodle fixed: 3.7.8 
Upgrade moodle/moodle to 3.7.8
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

inspect dependencies for moodle/moodle

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your application is affected by CVE-2020-25631, inspect your project dependencies for Moodle/moodle:

inspect dependencies for moodle/moodle

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Moodle/moodle in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 3.9.2), your application is affected.

Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting'), where the product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users. In Moodle/moodle, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

A vulnerability was found in Moodle 3.9 to 3.9.1, 3.8 to 3.8.4 and 3.7 to 3.7.7 where it was possible to include JavaScript in a book's chapter title, which was not escaped on the "Add new chapter" page. This is fixed in 3.9.2, 3.8.5 and 3.7.8.

CVE-2020-25631 Affected Moodle/moodle Versions

3 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
3.9.23.8.53.7.8
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
moodle/moodle
 Packagist
≥ 3.9
< 3.9.2
3.9.2
moodle/moodle
 Packagist
≥ 3.8
< 3.8.5
3.8.5
moodle/moodle
 Packagist
≥ 3.7
< 3.7.8
3.7.8

References

NVD — CVE-2020-25631 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-25631
Moodle/moodle Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/moodle/moodle
moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.p... WEB
https://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=410843

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2020-25631?
CVE-2020-25631 is a security vulnerability in Moodle/moodle involving Moodle Cross-site Scripting (XSS) under CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting').
Which Moodle/moodle versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 3.9.2, 3.8.5, 3.7.8 across affected packages: moodle/moodle.
What version fixes CVE-2020-25631?
Upgrading to 3.9.2, 3.8.5, 3.7.8 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is moodle/moodle affected?
Yes, moodle/moodle is affected in releases prior to 3.9.2, 3.8.5, 3.7.8. Upgrade your dependency to 3.9.2, 3.8.5, 3.7.8 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2020-25631?
CVE-2020-25631 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.1 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2020-25631?
CVE-2020-25631 is classified under CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') (The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users.).
How can I check Packagist dependencies for CVE-2020-25631?
Run the dependency tree command: 'inspect dependencies for moodle/moodle'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-4w4j-9533-82qg",
  "modified" : "2024-04-23T23:37:54Z",
  "published" : "2022-05-24T17:35:32Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2020-25631" ],
  "summary" : "Moodle Cross-site Scripting (XSS)",
  "details" : "A vulnerability was found in Moodle 3.9 to 3.9.1, 3.8 to 3.8.4 and 3.7 to 3.7.7 where it was possible to include JavaScript in a book's chapter title, which was not escaped on the \"Add new chapter\" page. This is fixed in 3.9.2, 3.8.5 and 3.7.8.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "moodle/moodle"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "3.9"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "3.9.2"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "moodle/moodle"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "3.8"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "3.8.5"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "moodle/moodle"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "3.7"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "3.7.8"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-25631"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/moodle/moodle"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=410843"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-79" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2024-04-23T23:37:54Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2020-12-08T01:15:00Z"
  }
}