CVE-2025-31475: Tarteaucitronjs Tarteaucitron.js Allows Prototype Pollution Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-4hwx-xcc5-2hfc
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CVSS 5.5
CWE-1321
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-31475 is a MODERATE (CVSS 5.5) tarteaucitron.js allows prototype pollution vulnerability (CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')) affecting Tarteaucitronjs libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves tarteaucitron.js allows prototype pollution via custom text injection. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 1.20.1.

CVE-2025-31475 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-31475
GHSA Identifier GHSA-4hwx-xcc5-2hfc
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 5.5
CWE Classification CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Affected Product Tarteaucitronjs
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 5.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required High (PR:H)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Changed (S:C)
Confidentiality Low (C:L)
Integrity Low (I:L)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2025-31475

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Tarteaucitronjs dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

tarteaucitronjs fixed: 1.20.1 
npm install tarteaucitronjs@1.20.1
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls tarteaucitronjs

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2025-31475, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls tarteaucitronjs

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Tarteaucitronjs in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 1.20.1), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls tarteaucitronjs command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution'), where the product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype. In Tarteaucitronjs, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

A vulnerability was identified in `tarteaucitron.js`, where the `addOrUpdate` function, used for applying custom texts, did not properly validate input. This allowed an attacker with direct access to the site's source code or a CMS plugin to manipulate JavaScript object prototypes, leading to potential security risks such as data corruption or unintended code execution. ## Impact An attacker with high privileges could exploit this vulnerability to: - Modify object prototypes, affecting core JavaScript behavior, - Cause application crashes or unexpected behavior, - Potentially introduce further security vulnerabilities depending on the application's architecture. ## Fix https://github.com/AmauriC/tarteaucitron.js/commit/74c354c413ee3f82dff97a15a0a43942887c2b5b The issue was resolved by ensuring that user-controlled inputs cannot modify JavaScript object prototypes.

CVE-2025-31475 Affected Tarteaucitronjs Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
1.20.1
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
tarteaucitronjs
npm/tarteaucitronjs
npm
< 1.20.1
1.20.1

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/AmauriC/tarteaucitron.js/security/advisories/GHSA-4hwx-xcc5-2hfc
NVD — CVE-2025-31475 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-31475
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/AmauriC/tarteaucitron.js/commit/74c354c413ee3f82dff97a15a0a43942887c2b5b
Tarteaucitronjs Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/AmauriC/tarteaucitron.js

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-31475?
CVE-2025-31475 is a security vulnerability in Tarteaucitronjs involving tarteaucitron.js allows prototype pollution via custom text injection under CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution').
Which Tarteaucitronjs versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 1.20.1 across affected packages: tarteaucitronjs.
What version fixes CVE-2025-31475?
Upgrading to 1.20.1 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is tarteaucitronjs affected?
Yes, tarteaucitronjs is affected in releases prior to 1.20.1. Upgrade your dependency to 1.20.1 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-31475?
CVE-2025-31475 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.5 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-31475?
CVE-2025-31475 is classified under CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution') (The product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2025-31475?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls tarteaucitronjs'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-4hwx-xcc5-2hfc",
  "modified" : "2025-04-07T16:38:52Z",
  "published" : "2025-04-07T16:38:52Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-31475" ],
  "summary" : "tarteaucitron.js allows prototype pollution via custom text injection",
  "details" : "A vulnerability was identified in `tarteaucitron.js`, where the `addOrUpdate` function, used for applying custom texts, did not properly validate input. This allowed an attacker with direct access to the site's source code or a CMS plugin to manipulate JavaScript object prototypes, leading to potential security risks such as data corruption or unintended code execution.\n\n## Impact\nAn attacker with high privileges could exploit this vulnerability to:\n- Modify object prototypes, affecting core JavaScript behavior,\n- Cause application crashes or unexpected behavior,\n- Potentially introduce further security vulnerabilities depending on the application's architecture.\n\n## Fix https://github.com/AmauriC/tarteaucitron.js/commit/74c354c413ee3f82dff97a15a0a43942887c2b5b\nThe issue was resolved by ensuring that user-controlled inputs cannot modify JavaScript object prototypes.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "tarteaucitronjs"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.20.1"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/AmauriC/tarteaucitron.js/security/advisories/GHSA-4hwx-xcc5-2hfc"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-31475"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/AmauriC/tarteaucitron.js/commit/74c354c413ee3f82dff97a15a0a43942887c2b5b"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/AmauriC/tarteaucitron.js"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-1321" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-04-07T16:38:52Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-04-07T15:15:44Z"
  }
}