CVE-2025-21704: Software Security Vulnerability Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-48g3-w2gf-xjrv
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CVSS 7.8
CWE-787
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-21704 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.8) security vulnerability vulnerability (CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write) affecting Software libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The weakness occurs when the product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.

CVE-2025-21704 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-21704
GHSA Identifier GHSA-48g3-w2gf-xjrv
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.8
CWE Classification CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
Affected Product Software
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Local (AV:L)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required Low (PR:L)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2025-21704

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Software dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2025-21704, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Software in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write, where the product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer. In Software, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: usb: cdc-acm: Check control transfer buffer size before access If the first fragment is shorter than struct usb_cdc_notification, we can't calculate an expected_size. Log an error and discard the notification instead of reading lengths from memory outside the received data, which can lead to memory corruption when the expected_size decreases between fragments, causing `expected_size - acm->nb_index` to wrap. This issue has been present since the beginning of git history; however, it only leads to memory corruption since commit ea2583529cd1 ("cdc-acm: reassemble fragmented notifications"). A mitigating factor is that acm_ctrl_irq() can only execute after userspace has opened /dev/ttyACM*; but if ModemManager is running, ModemManager will do that automatically depending on the USB device's vendor/product IDs and its other interfaces.

References

NVD — CVE-2025-21704 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21704
cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ss... WEB
https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-265688.html
cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ss... WEB
https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-784472.html
git.kernel.org/stable/c/383d516a0e... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/383d516a0ebc8641372b521c8cb717f0f1834831
git.kernel.org/stable/c/6abb510251... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6abb510251e75f875797d8983a830e6731fa281c
git.kernel.org/stable/c/7828e9363a... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7828e9363ac4d23b02419bf2a45b9f1d9fb35646
git.kernel.org/stable/c/871619c2b7... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/871619c2b78fdfe05afb4e8ba548678687beb812
git.kernel.org/stable/c/90dd2f1b73... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/90dd2f1b7342b9a671a5ea4160f408037b92b118
git.kernel.org/stable/c/a4e1ae5c05... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a4e1ae5c0533964170197e4fb4f33bc8c1db5cd2
git.kernel.org/stable/c/e563b01208... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e563b01208f4d1f609bcab13333b6c0e24ce6a01
git.kernel.org/stable/c/f64079bef6... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f64079bef6a8a7823358c3f352ea29a617844636
lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce... WEB
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00028.html
lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce... WEB
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html
project-zero.issues.chromium.org/issues/395107243 WEB
https://project-zero.issues.chromium.org/issues/395107243

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-21704?
CVE-2025-21704 is a security vulnerability in Software classified as a security vulnerability vulnerability under CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write.
Which Software versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to current release patches.
What version fixes CVE-2025-21704?
Upgrading to current release patches (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-21704?
CVE-2025-21704 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-21704?
CVE-2025-21704 is classified under CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write (The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2025-21704?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
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  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-48g3-w2gf-xjrv",
  "modified" : "2026-10-15T03:34:29Z",
  "published" : "2025-02-22T12:30:29Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-21704" ],
  "details" : "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nusb: cdc-acm: Check control transfer buffer size before access\n\nIf the first fragment is shorter than struct usb_cdc_notification, we can't\ncalculate an expected_size. Log an error and discard the notification\ninstead of reading lengths from memory outside the received data, which can\nlead to memory corruption when the expected_size decreases between\nfragments, causing `expected_size - acm->nb_index` to wrap.\n\nThis issue has been present since the beginning of git history; however,\nit only leads to memory corruption since commit ea2583529cd1\n(\"cdc-acm: reassemble fragmented notifications\").\n\nA mitigating factor is that acm_ctrl_irq() can only execute after userspace\nhas opened /dev/ttyACM*; but if ModemManager is running, ModemManager will\ndo that automatically depending on the USB device's vendor/product IDs and\nits other interfaces.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  } ],
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    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-265688.html"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-784472.html"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/383d516a0ebc8641372b521c8cb717f0f1834831"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6abb510251e75f875797d8983a830e6731fa281c"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7828e9363ac4d23b02419bf2a45b9f1d9fb35646"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
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  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/90dd2f1b7342b9a671a5ea4160f408037b92b118"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a4e1ae5c0533964170197e4fb4f33bc8c1db5cd2"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e563b01208f4d1f609bcab13333b6c0e24ce6a01"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f64079bef6a8a7823358c3f352ea29a617844636"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00028.html"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://project-zero.issues.chromium.org/issues/395107243"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-787" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : false,
    "github_reviewed_at" : null,
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-02-22T10:15:11Z"
  }
}