CVE-2022-39288: Fastify Denial of Service Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-455w-c45v-86rg
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CVSS 7.5
CWE-754
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2022-39288 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) denial of service vulnerability (CWE-754: Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions) affecting Fastify libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves fastify vulnerable to denial of service via malicious content-type. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 4.8.1.

CVE-2022-39288 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2022-39288
GHSA Identifier GHSA-455w-c45v-86rg
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.5
CWE Classification CWE-754: Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions
Affected Product Fastify
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2022-39288

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Fastify dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

fastify fixed: 4.8.1 
npm install fastify@4.8.1
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls fastify

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2022-39288, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls fastify

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Fastify in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 4.8.1), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls fastify command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-754: Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions, where the product does not check or incorrectly checks for unusual or exceptional conditions that are not expected to occur frequently during day to day operation of the product. In Fastify, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Impact An attacker can send an invalid `Content-Type` header that can cause the application to crash, leading to a possible Denial of Service attack. Only the v4.x line is affected. (This was updated: upon a close inspection, v3.x is not affected after all). ### Patches Yes, update to `> v4.8.0`. ### Workarounds You can reject the malicious content types before the body parser enters in action. ```js const badNames = Object.getOwnPropertyNames({}.__proto__) fastify.addHook('onRequest', async (req, reply) => { for (const badName of badNames) { if (req.headers['content-type'].indexOf(badName) > -1) { reply.code(415) throw new Error('Content type not supported') } } }) ``` ### References See the HackerOne report [#1715536](https://hackerone.com/bugs?report_id=1715536&subject=fastify) ### For more information [Fastify security policy](https://github.com/fastify/fastify/security/policy)

CVE-2022-39288 Affected Fastify Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
4.8.1
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
fastify
npm/fastify
npm
≥ 4.0.0
< 4.8.1
4.8.1

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/fastify/fastify/security/advisories/GHSA-455w-c45v-86rg
NVD — CVE-2022-39288 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-39288
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/fastify/fastify/commit/fbb07e8dfad74c69cd4cd2211aedab87194618e3
Fastify Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/fastify/fastify
Fastify Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/fastify/fastify/security/policy
hackerone.com/bugs WEB
https://hackerone.com/bugs?report_id=1715536&subject=fastify

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2022-39288?
CVE-2022-39288 is a security vulnerability in Fastify involving fastify vulnerable to denial of service via malicious Content-Type under CWE-754: Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions.
Which Fastify versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 4.8.1 across affected packages: fastify.
What version fixes CVE-2022-39288?
Upgrading to 4.8.1 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is fastify affected?
Yes, fastify is affected in releases prior to 4.8.1. Upgrade your dependency to 4.8.1 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2022-39288?
CVE-2022-39288 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2022-39288?
CVE-2022-39288 is classified under CWE-754: Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions (The product does not check or incorrectly checks for unusual or exceptional conditions that are not expected to occur frequently during day to day operation of the product.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2022-39288?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls fastify'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-455w-c45v-86rg",
  "modified" : "2022-10-11T13:45:14Z",
  "published" : "2022-10-11T13:45:14Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2022-39288" ],
  "summary" : "fastify vulnerable to denial of service via malicious Content-Type",
  "details" : "### Impact\nAn attacker can send an invalid `Content-Type` header that can cause the application to crash, leading to a possible Denial of Service attack. Only the v4.x line is affected.\n\n(This was updated: upon a close inspection, v3.x is not affected after all).\n\n### Patches\nYes, update to `> v4.8.0`.\n\n### Workarounds\nYou can reject the malicious content types before the body parser enters in action.\n```js\n  const badNames = Object.getOwnPropertyNames({}.__proto__)\n  fastify.addHook('onRequest', async (req, reply) => {\n    for (const badName of badNames) {\n      if (req.headers['content-type'].indexOf(badName) > -1) {\n        reply.code(415)\n        throw new Error('Content type not supported')\n      }\n    }\n  })\n```\n\n### References\n\nSee the HackerOne report [#1715536](https://hackerone.com/bugs?report_id=1715536&subject=fastify)\n\n### For more information\n[Fastify security policy](https://github.com/fastify/fastify/security/policy)\n",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "fastify"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "4.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "4.8.1"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/fastify/fastify/security/advisories/GHSA-455w-c45v-86rg"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-39288"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/fastify/fastify/commit/fbb07e8dfad74c69cd4cd2211aedab87194618e3"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/fastify/fastify"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/fastify/fastify/security/policy"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://hackerone.com/bugs?report_id=1715536&subject=fastify"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-754" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2022-10-11T13:45:14Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2022-10-10T21:15:00Z"
  }
}