CVE-2020-28283: Libnested Prototype Pollution Vulnerability Vulnerability

CRITICAL
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-3r9x-mjrm-2725
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CVSS 9.8
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2020-28283 is a CRITICAL (CVSS 9.8) prototype pollution vulnerability vulnerability (General Security Weakness) affecting Libnested libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves prototype pollution vulnerability in 'libnested'. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.

CVE-2020-28283 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2020-28283
GHSA Identifier GHSA-3r9x-mjrm-2725
Severity CRITICAL
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 9.8
CWE Classification General Security Weakness
Affected Product Libnested
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 9.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2020-28283

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Libnested dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

libnested fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install libnested@Latest secure release
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls libnested

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2020-28283, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls libnested

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Libnested in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls libnested command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under General Security Weakness. In Libnested, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Prototype pollution vulnerability in 'libnested' versions 0.0.0 through 1.5.0 allows an attacker to cause a denial of service and may lead to remote code execution.

CVE-2020-28283 Affected Libnested Versions

1 component(s)
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
libnested
npm/libnested
npm
≥ 0.0.0
≤ 1.5.0

References

NVD — CVE-2020-28283 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-28283
Libnested Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/dominictarr/libnested
Libnested Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/dominictarr/libnested/blob/d028a1b0f2e5f16fc28e568f52b936ae0bca0647/index.js#L27
www.whitesourcesoftware.com/vulnerability-datab... WEB
https://www.whitesourcesoftware.com/vulnerability-database/CVE-2020-28284

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2020-28283?
CVE-2020-28283 is a security vulnerability in Libnested involving Prototype pollution vulnerability in 'libnested' under General Security Weakness.
Which Libnested versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to current release patches across affected packages: libnested.
What version fixes CVE-2020-28283?
Upgrading to current release patches (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is libnested affected?
Yes, libnested is affected in releases prior to Latest secure release. Upgrade your dependency to Latest secure release or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2020-28283?
CVE-2020-28283 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (CRITICAL) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2020-28283?
CVE-2020-28283 is classified under General Security Weakness.
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2020-28283?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls libnested'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-3r9x-mjrm-2725",
  "modified" : "2021-10-08T22:09:39Z",
  "published" : "2021-10-12T16:27:02Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2020-28283" ],
  "summary" : "Prototype pollution vulnerability in 'libnested'",
  "details" : "Prototype pollution vulnerability in 'libnested' versions 0.0.0 through 1.5.0 allows an attacker to cause a denial of service and may lead to remote code execution.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "libnested"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0.0.0"
      }, {
        "last_affected" : "1.5.0"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-28283"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/dominictarr/libnested"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/dominictarr/libnested/blob/d028a1b0f2e5f16fc28e568f52b936ae0bca0647/index.js#L27"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.whitesourcesoftware.com/vulnerability-database/CVE-2020-28284"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ ],
    "severity" : "CRITICAL",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2021-10-08T22:09:39Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2020-12-29T18:15:00Z"
  }
}