CVE-2023-2422: Keycloak services Keycloak Vulnerable To Improper Client Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-3qh5-qqj2-c78f
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CVSS 7.1
CWE-295
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2023-2422 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.1) keycloak vulnerable to improper client vulnerability (CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation) affecting Keycloak services libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves keycloak vulnerable to improper client certificate validation for oauth/openid clients. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 21.1.2.

CVE-2023-2422 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2023-2422
GHSA Identifier GHSA-3qh5-qqj2-c78f
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.1
CWE Classification CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
Affected Product Keycloak services
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.1

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required Low (PR:L)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity Low (I:L)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2023-2422

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Keycloak services dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

org.keycloak:keycloak-services fixed: 21.1.2 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.keycloak</groupId>
    <artifactId>keycloak-services</artifactId>
    <version>21.1.2</version>
</dependency>
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.keycloak

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2023-2422, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.keycloak

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Keycloak services in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 21.1.2), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.keycloak command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation, where the product does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate. In Keycloak services, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

When a Keycloak server is configured to support mTLS authentication for OAuth/OpenID clients, it does not properly verify the client certificate chain. A client that possesses a proper certificate can authorize itself as any other client and therefore access data that belongs to other clients.

CVE-2023-2422 Affected Keycloak services Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
21.1.2
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
org.keycloak:keycloak-services
maven/org.keycloak/keycloak-services
Maven
< 21.1.2
21.1.2

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/security/advisories/GHSA-3qh5-qqj2-c78f
NVD — CVE-2023-2422 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2422
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/commit/5c6c55945a384bfd82e51283096204dcb6f63d91
access.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2023:38... WEB
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:3883
access.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2023:38... WEB
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:3884
access.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2023:38... WEB
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:3885
access.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2023:38... WEB
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:3888
access.redhat.com/errata/rhsa-2023:38... WEB
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:3892
Keycloak services Security Information SECURITY
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-2422
bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi WEB
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2191668
Keycloak services Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2023-2422?
CVE-2023-2422 is a security vulnerability in Keycloak services involving Keycloak vulnerable to Improper Client Certificate Validation for OAuth/OpenID clients under CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation.
Which Keycloak services versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 21.1.2 across affected packages: org.keycloak:keycloak-services.
What version fixes CVE-2023-2422?
Upgrading to 21.1.2 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is keycloak-services affected?
Yes, org.keycloak:keycloak-services is affected in releases prior to 21.1.2. Upgrade your dependency to 21.1.2 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-2422?
CVE-2023-2422 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2023-2422?
CVE-2023-2422 is classified under CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation (The product does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2023-2422?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.keycloak'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-3qh5-qqj2-c78f",
  "modified" : "2023-06-30T20:31:37Z",
  "published" : "2023-06-30T20:31:37Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2023-2422" ],
  "summary" : "Keycloak vulnerable to Improper Client Certificate Validation for OAuth/OpenID clients",
  "details" : "When a Keycloak server is configured to support mTLS authentication for OAuth/OpenID clients, it does not properly verify the client certificate chain. A client that possesses a proper certificate can authorize itself as any other client and therefore access data that belongs to other clients.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.keycloak:keycloak-services"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "21.1.2"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/security/advisories/GHSA-3qh5-qqj2-c78f"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2422"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/commit/5c6c55945a384bfd82e51283096204dcb6f63d91"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:3883"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:3884"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:3885"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:3888"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2023:3892"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-2422"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2191668"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-295" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2023-06-30T20:31:37Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2023-10-04T11:15:10Z"
  }
}