CVE-2016-1000111: Twisted Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-3gqj-cmxr-p4x2
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CVSS 5.3
CWE-425
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2016-1000111 is a MODERATE (CVSS 5.3) remote code execution vulnerability (CWE-425: Direct Request ('Forced Browsing')) affecting Twisted libraries in the PyPI ecosystem. The issue involves forced browsing in twisted. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 16.3.1.

CVE-2016-1000111 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2016-1000111
GHSA Identifier GHSA-3gqj-cmxr-p4x2
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 5.3
CWE Classification CWE-425: Direct Request ('Forced Browsing')
Affected Product Twisted
Package Ecosystem PyPI
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 5.3

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity Low (I:L)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2016-1000111

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Twisted dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

Twisted fixed: 16.3.1 
pip install Twisted>=16.3.1
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

pip show Twisted

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Python environment is affected by CVE-2016-1000111, inspect your installed packages using pip:

pip show Twisted

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Twisted in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 16.3.1), your application is affected.

Note: The pip show Twisted command checks currently installed packages in your active Python environment.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-425: Direct Request ('Forced Browsing'), where the web application does not adequately enforce appropriate authorization on all restricted urls, scripts, or files. In Twisted, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Twisted before 16.3.1 does not attempt to address RFC 3875 section 4.1.18 namespace conflicts and therefore does not protect CGI applications from the presence of untrusted client data in the `HTTP_PROXY` environment variable, which might allow remote attackers to redirect a CGI application's outbound HTTP traffic to an arbitrary proxy server via a crafted Proxy header in an HTTP request, aka an `httpoxy` issue.

CVE-2016-1000111 Affected Twisted Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
16.3.1
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
Twisted
pypi/Twisted
PyPI
< 16.3.1
16.3.1

References

NVD — CVE-2016-1000111 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-1000111
Twisted Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/twisted/PYSEC-2020-214.yaml
Twisted Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/twisted/twisted
Twisted Security Information SECURITY
https://twistedmatrix.com/trac/ticket/8623
Twisted Security Information SECURITY
https://twistedmatrix.com/pipermail/twisted-web/2016-August/005268.html
Twisted Security Information SECURITY
https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/07/18/6
Twisted Security Information SECURITY
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/linuxbulletinoct2016-3090545.html

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2016-1000111?
CVE-2016-1000111 is a security vulnerability in Twisted involving Forced Browsing in Twisted under CWE-425: Direct Request ('Forced Browsing').
Which Twisted versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 16.3.1 across affected packages: Twisted.
What version fixes CVE-2016-1000111?
Upgrading to 16.3.1 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is Twisted affected?
Yes, Twisted is affected in releases prior to 16.3.1. Upgrade your dependency to 16.3.1 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2016-1000111?
CVE-2016-1000111 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2016-1000111?
CVE-2016-1000111 is classified under CWE-425: Direct Request ('Forced Browsing') (The web application does not adequately enforce appropriate authorization on all restricted URLs, scripts, or files.).
How can I check PyPI dependencies for CVE-2016-1000111?
Run the dependency tree command: 'pip show Twisted'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-3gqj-cmxr-p4x2",
  "modified" : "2024-11-18T22:24:19Z",
  "published" : "2021-04-30T17:32:28Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2016-1000111" ],
  "summary" : "Forced Browsing in Twisted",
  "details" : "Twisted before 16.3.1 does not attempt to address RFC 3875 section 4.1.18 namespace conflicts and therefore does not protect CGI applications from the presence of untrusted client data in the `HTTP_PROXY` environment variable, which might allow remote attackers to redirect a CGI application's outbound HTTP traffic to an arbitrary proxy server via a crafted Proxy header in an HTTP request, aka an `httpoxy` issue.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "PyPI",
      "name" : "Twisted"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "16.3.1"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-1000111"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/twisted/PYSEC-2020-214.yaml"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/twisted/twisted"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://twistedmatrix.com/pipermail/twisted-web/2016-August/005268.html"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://twistedmatrix.com/trac/ticket/8623"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/07/18/6"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/linuxbulletinoct2016-3090545.html"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-425" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2021-04-23T20:33:04Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2020-03-11T20:15:00Z"
  }
}