CVE-2025-3194: Bigint buffer Bigint-buffer Vulnerable To Buffer Overflow Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-3gc7-fjrx-p6mg
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CVSS 7.5
CWE-120
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-3194 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) bigint-buffer vulnerable to buffer overflow vulnerability (CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')) affecting Bigint buffer libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves bigint-buffer vulnerable to buffer overflow via tobigintle() function. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.

CVE-2025-3194 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-3194
GHSA Identifier GHSA-3gc7-fjrx-p6mg
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.5
CWE Classification CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
Affected Product Bigint buffer
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2025-3194

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Bigint buffer dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

bigint-buffer fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install bigint-buffer@Latest secure release
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls bigint-buffer

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2025-3194, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls bigint-buffer

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Bigint buffer in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls bigint-buffer command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow'), where the product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer. In Bigint buffer, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Versions of the package bigint-buffer from 0.0.0 to 1.1.5 are vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in the toBigIntLE() function. Attackers can exploit this to crash the application.

CVE-2025-3194 Affected Bigint buffer Versions

1 component(s)
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
bigint-buffer
npm/bigint-buffer
npm
≤ 1.1.5

References

NVD — CVE-2025-3194 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-3194
Bigint buffer Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/no2chem/bigint-buffer
Bigint buffer Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/no2chem/bigint-buffer/blob/master/src/index.ts#L25
Bigint buffer Security Information SECURITY
https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-BIGINTBUFFER-3364597
www.usenix.org/system/files/sec23f... WEB
https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec23fall-prepub-262_staicu.pdf

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-3194?
CVE-2025-3194 is a security vulnerability in Bigint buffer involving bigint-buffer Vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via toBigIntLE() Function under CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow').
Which Bigint buffer versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to current release patches across affected packages: bigint-buffer.
What version fixes CVE-2025-3194?
Upgrading to current release patches (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is bigint-buffer affected?
Yes, bigint-buffer is affected in releases prior to Latest secure release. Upgrade your dependency to Latest secure release or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-3194?
CVE-2025-3194 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-3194?
CVE-2025-3194 is classified under CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow') (The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2025-3194?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls bigint-buffer'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-3gc7-fjrx-p6mg",
  "modified" : "2025-04-04T18:23:45Z",
  "published" : "2025-04-04T06:34:22Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-3194" ],
  "summary" : "bigint-buffer Vulnerable to Buffer Overflow via toBigIntLE() Function",
  "details" : "Versions of the package bigint-buffer from 0.0.0 to 1.1.5 are vulnerable to Buffer Overflow in the toBigIntLE() function. Attackers can exploit this to crash the application.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "bigint-buffer"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "last_affected" : "1.1.5"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-3194"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/no2chem/bigint-buffer"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/no2chem/bigint-buffer/blob/master/src/index.ts#L25"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-BIGINTBUFFER-3364597"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.usenix.org/system/files/sec23fall-prepub-262_staicu.pdf"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-120" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-04-04T18:23:45Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-04-04T05:15:45Z"
  }
}