CVE-2026-31787: Software Security Vulnerability Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-3c28-g28m-gm93
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CVSS 7.8
CWE-415
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2026-31787 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.8) security vulnerability vulnerability (CWE-415: Double Free) affecting Software libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The weakness occurs when the product calls free() twice on the same memory address.. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.

CVE-2026-31787 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2026-31787
GHSA Identifier GHSA-3c28-g28m-gm93
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.8
CWE Classification CWE-415: Double Free
Affected Product Software
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Local (AV:L)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required Low (PR:L)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2026-31787

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Software dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2026-31787, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Software in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-415: Double Free, where the product calls free() twice on the same memory address. In Software, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xen/privcmd: fix double free via VMA splitting privcmd_vm_ops defines .close (privcmd_close), but neither .may_split nor .open. When userspace does a partial munmap() on a privcmd mapping, the kernel splits the VMA via __split_vma(). Since may_split is NULL, the split is allowed. vm_area_dup() copies vm_private_data (a pages array allocated in alloc_empty_pages()) into the new VMA without any fixup, because there is no .open callback. Both VMAs now point to the same pages array. When the unmapped portion is closed, privcmd_close() calls: - xen_unmap_domain_gfn_range() - xen_free_unpopulated_pages() - kvfree(pages) The surviving VMA still holds the dangling pointer. When it is later destroyed, the same sequence runs again, which leads to a double free. Fix this issue by adding a .may_split callback denying the VMA split. This is XSA-487 / CVE-2026-31787

References

NVD — CVE-2026-31787 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-31787
git.kernel.org/stable/c/1576ff3869... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1576ff3869cbd3620717195f971c85b7d7fd62b5
git.kernel.org/stable/c/24daca4fc0... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/24daca4fc07f3ff8cd0e3f629cd982187f48436a
git.kernel.org/stable/c/2894a351fe... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2894a351fe2ea8684919d36df3188b9a35e3926f
git.kernel.org/stable/c/2b985d3a02... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2b985d3a024b9e8c24e21671b34e855569763808
git.kernel.org/stable/c/402d84ad9e... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/402d84ad9e89bd4cbfd07ca8598532b7021daf95
git.kernel.org/stable/c/446ee446d9... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/446ee446d9ae66f36e95c3c90bbcc4e56b94cde0
git.kernel.org/stable/c/71bf829800... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/71bf829800758a6e3889096e4754ef47ba7fc850
git.kernel.org/stable/c/dbf862ce9f... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dbf862ce9f009128ab86b234d91413a3e450beb4
Software Security Information SECURITY
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/28/14
xenbits.xen.org/xsa/advisory-487.ht... WEB
http://xenbits.xen.org/xsa/advisory-487.html

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-31787?
CVE-2026-31787 is a security vulnerability in Software classified as a security vulnerability vulnerability under CWE-415: Double Free.
Which Software versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to current release patches.
What version fixes CVE-2026-31787?
Upgrading to current release patches (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-31787?
CVE-2026-31787 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2026-31787?
CVE-2026-31787 is classified under CWE-415: Double Free (The product calls free() twice on the same memory address.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2026-31787?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-3c28-g28m-gm93",
  "modified" : "2026-05-06T21:31:31Z",
  "published" : "2026-04-30T12:33:12Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-31787" ],
  "details" : "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nxen/privcmd: fix double free via VMA splitting\n\nprivcmd_vm_ops defines .close (privcmd_close), but neither .may_split\nnor .open. When userspace does a partial munmap() on a privcmd mapping,\nthe kernel splits the VMA via __split_vma(). Since may_split is NULL,\nthe split is allowed. vm_area_dup() copies vm_private_data (a pages\narray allocated in alloc_empty_pages()) into the new VMA without any\nfixup, because there is no .open callback.\n\nBoth VMAs now point to the same pages array. When the unmapped portion\nis closed, privcmd_close() calls:\n    - xen_unmap_domain_gfn_range()\n    - xen_free_unpopulated_pages()\n    - kvfree(pages)\n\nThe surviving VMA still holds the dangling pointer. When it is later\ndestroyed, the same sequence runs again, which leads to a double free.\n\nFix this issue by adding a .may_split callback denying the VMA split.\n\nThis is XSA-487 / CVE-2026-31787",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-31787"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1576ff3869cbd3620717195f971c85b7d7fd62b5"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/24daca4fc07f3ff8cd0e3f629cd982187f48436a"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2894a351fe2ea8684919d36df3188b9a35e3926f"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2b985d3a024b9e8c24e21671b34e855569763808"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/402d84ad9e89bd4cbfd07ca8598532b7021daf95"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/446ee446d9ae66f36e95c3c90bbcc4e56b94cde0"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/71bf829800758a6e3889096e4754ef47ba7fc850"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dbf862ce9f009128ab86b234d91413a3e450beb4"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/28/14"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "http://xenbits.xen.org/xsa/advisory-487.html"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-415" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : false,
    "github_reviewed_at" : null,
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-04-30T11:16:21Z"
  }
}