GHSA-35vf-vw9f-q3cr: Duplicate Advisory OpenClaw: MCP Loopback Owner Context Vulnerability

HIGH
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CVSS 7.8
CWE-290
Published
Advisory Summary

GHSA-35vf-vw9f-q3cr is a HIGH (CVSS 7.8) openclaw: mcp loopback owner context vulnerability (CWE-290: Authentication Bypass by Spoofing) affecting Duplicate Advisory libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves openclaw: mcp loopback owner context is derived from server-issued bearer tokens. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 2026.4.22.

GHSA-35vf-vw9f-q3cr at a Glance

CVE Identifier N/A
GHSA Identifier GHSA-35vf-vw9f-q3cr
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.8
CWE Classification CWE-290: Authentication Bypass by Spoofing
Affected Product Duplicate Advisory
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Local (AV:L)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required Low (PR:L)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix GHSA-35vf-vw9f-q3cr

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Duplicate Advisory dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

openclaw fixed: 2026.4.22 
npm install openclaw@2026.4.22
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls openclaw

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by GHSA-35vf-vw9f-q3cr, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls openclaw

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Duplicate Advisory in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 2026.4.22), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls openclaw command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-290: Authentication Bypass by Spoofing, where this attack-focused weakness is caused by incorrectly implemented authentication schemes that are subject to spoofing attacks. In Duplicate Advisory, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Duplicate Advisory This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-r6xh-pqhr-v4xh. This link is maintained to preserve external references. ### Original Description OpenClaw before 2026.4.22 derives loopback MCP owner context from spoofable server-issued bearer tokens in request headers. Non-owner loopback clients can present themselves as owner to bypass owner-gated operations by manipulating the sender-owner header metadata.

GHSA-35vf-vw9f-q3cr Affected Duplicate Advisory Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
2026.4.22
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
openclaw
npm/openclaw
npm
< 2026.4.22
2026.4.22

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-r6xh-pqhr-v4xh
NVD — GHSA-35vf-vw9f-q3cr NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44118
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/3cb1a56bfc9579a0f2336f9cfa12a8a744332a19
www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw... WEB
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-owner-context-spoofing-via-bearer-token-header

Frequently Asked Questions

What is GHSA-35vf-vw9f-q3cr?
GHSA-35vf-vw9f-q3cr is a security vulnerability in Duplicate Advisory involving OpenClaw: MCP loopback owner context is derived from server-issued bearer tokens under CWE-290: Authentication Bypass by Spoofing.
Which Duplicate Advisory versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 2026.4.22 across affected packages: openclaw.
What version fixes GHSA-35vf-vw9f-q3cr?
Upgrading to 2026.4.22 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is openclaw affected?
Yes, openclaw is affected in releases prior to 2026.4.22. Upgrade your dependency to 2026.4.22 or later.
What is the CVSS score of GHSA-35vf-vw9f-q3cr?
GHSA-35vf-vw9f-q3cr has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with GHSA-35vf-vw9f-q3cr?
GHSA-35vf-vw9f-q3cr is classified under CWE-290: Authentication Bypass by Spoofing (This attack-focused weakness is caused by incorrectly implemented authentication schemes that are subject to spoofing attacks.).
How can I check npm dependencies for GHSA-35vf-vw9f-q3cr?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls openclaw'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-35vf-vw9f-q3cr",
  "modified" : "2026-05-11T16:12:46Z",
  "published" : "2026-05-06T21:31:42Z",
  "withdrawn" : "2026-05-11T16:12:46Z",
  "aliases" : [ ],
  "summary" : "Duplicate Advisory: OpenClaw: MCP loopback owner context is derived from server-issued bearer tokens",
  "details" : "### Duplicate Advisory\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-r6xh-pqhr-v4xh. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n### Original Description\nOpenClaw before 2026.4.22 derives loopback MCP owner context from spoofable server-issued bearer tokens in request headers. Non-owner loopback clients can present themselves as owner to bypass owner-gated operations by manipulating the sender-owner header metadata.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "openclaw"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2026.4.22"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-r6xh-pqhr-v4xh"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44118"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/3cb1a56bfc9579a0f2336f9cfa12a8a744332a19"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-owner-context-spoofing-via-bearer-token-header"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-290" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-05-11T16:12:46Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-05-06T20:16:35Z"
  }
}