CVE-2026-77255: MCP Atlassian Arbitrary File Read & Exfiltration Vulnerability

{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-2xj6-xx86-cwwc",
  "modified" : "2026-09-22T20:34:52Z",
  "published" : "2026-09-22T20:34:52Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-77255" ],
  "summary" : "MCP Atlassian: Arbitrary File Read & Exfiltration (Confused Deputy) in JIRA update_issue",
  "details" : "### Summary\nA critical Confused Deputy (Arbitrary File Read & Exfiltration) vulnerability in the Atlassian MCP server (Python) allows an AI agent to exfiltrate sensitive host files and environment secrets. By providing absolute system paths to the attachments parameter of the update_issue tool, an agent can force the privileged MCP process to read and upload any file it has access to—including its own environment variables and host configuration—directly to a Jira ticket.\n\n### Details\nThe vulnerability is located in the update_issue tool handler. The attachments parameter accepts a list of file paths that are passed directly to the Jira API's upload method without any sanitization or validation. \n\nSpecifically, the implementation fails to:\n1.  Restrict paths to a safe workspace: It accepts absolute paths starting with /.\n2.  Prevent directory traversal: It does not filter for ../ sequences.\n3.  Validate ownership: It allows the process to read system-level files (like /proc/self/environ) that the calling agent is normally forbidden from accessing due to sandbox restrictions.\n\nBecause the MCP server typically runs with higher privileges than the AI agent (holding the JIRA_API_TOKEN and having wider filesystem access), it acts as a \"Confused Deputy,\" performing exfiltration on behalf of a restricted agent.\n\n### PoC\nTo reproduce the vulnerability in an environment where the agent is sandboxed (e.g., as a restricted Unix user) but the MCP server has host-level access:\n\n1.  Exfiltrate MCP Secrets:\n    The agent calls the update_issue tool with the following payload:\n    {\n      \"issue_key\": \"SECURITY-1\",\n      \"attachments\": [\"/proc/self/environ\"]\n    }\n        Result: The MCP server reads its own process environment—containing the JIRA_API_TOKEN and other sensitive keys in plain text—and attaches it to the Jira issue.\n\n2.  Exfiltrate Host Configuration:\n    The agent calls the tool to target global assistant settings:\n    {\n      \"issue_key\": \"SECURITY-1\",\n      \"attachments\": [\"/home/hermes/.hermes/config.yaml\"]\n    }\n        Result: The host's global configuration file (containing tokens for GitLab, Slack, and other services) is successfully exfiltrated to the cloud.\n\n### Impact\n*   Critical Credential Theft: Immediate exposure of the JIRA_API_TOKEN and any other secrets injected into the MCP server's environment.\n*   Arbitrary File Access: Total exfiltration of any data the host user running the MCP server can read (SSH keys, databases, local source code).\n*   Privilege Escalation & Lateral Movement: Attackers can move from a restricted AI sandbox to full host-system control by stealing tokens or configuration files.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "PyPI",
      "name" : "mcp-atlassian"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "0.22.0"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/sooperset/mcp-atlassian/security/advisories/GHSA-2xj6-xx86-cwwc"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/sooperset/mcp-atlassian/pull/1448"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/sooperset/mcp-atlassian/commit/b041733473f95119dd539542a43c280737a8e460"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/sooperset/mcp-atlassian"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/sooperset/mcp-atlassian/releases/tag/v0.22.0"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-22", "CWE-441" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-09-22T20:34:52Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : null
  }
}