CVE-2021-31405: Vaadin bom Denial of Service Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-2wqp-jmcc-mc77
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CVSS 7.5
CWE-400
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2021-31405 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) denial of service vulnerability (CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption) affecting Vaadin bom libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves regular expression denial of service (redos) in emailfield component in vaadin 14 and 15-17. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 14.4.4, 17.0.11.

CVE-2021-31405 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2021-31405
GHSA Identifier GHSA-2wqp-jmcc-mc77
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.5
CWE Classification CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
Affected Product Vaadin bom
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2021-31405

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Vaadin bom dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

com.vaadin:vaadin-bom fixed: 14.4.4 
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
    <artifactId>vaadin-bom</artifactId>
    <version>14.4.4</version>
</dependency>
com.vaadin:vaadin-bom fixed: 17.0.11 
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
    <artifactId>vaadin-bom</artifactId>
    <version>17.0.11</version>
</dependency>
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=com.vaadin

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2021-31405, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=com.vaadin

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Vaadin bom in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 14.4.4), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=com.vaadin command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption, where the product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource. In Vaadin bom, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Unsafe validation RegEx in `EmailField` component in `com.vaadin:vaadin-text-field-flow` versions 2.0.4 through 2.3.2 (Vaadin 14.0.6 through 14.4.3), and 3.0.0 through 4.0.2 (Vaadin 15.0.0 through 17.0.10) allows attackers to cause uncontrolled resource consumption by submitting malicious email addresses. - https://vaadin.com/security/cve-2021-31405

CVE-2021-31405 Affected Vaadin bom Versions

2 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
14.4.417.0.11
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
com.vaadin:vaadin-bom
maven/com.vaadin/vaadin-bom
Maven
≥ 14.0.6
< 14.4.4
14.4.4
com.vaadin:vaadin-bom
maven/com.vaadin/vaadin-bom
Maven
≥ 15.0.0
< 17.0.11
17.0.11

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/vaadin/platform/security/advisories/GHSA-2wqp-jmcc-mc77
NVD — CVE-2021-31405 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-31405
Vaadin bom Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/vaadin/flow-components/pull/442
Vaadin bom Security Information SECURITY
https://vaadin.com/security/cve-2021-31405

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2021-31405?
CVE-2021-31405 is a security vulnerability in Vaadin bom involving Regular expression denial of service (ReDoS) in EmailField component in Vaadin 14 and 15-17 under CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption.
Which Vaadin bom versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 14.4.4, 17.0.11 across affected packages: com.vaadin:vaadin-bom.
What version fixes CVE-2021-31405?
Upgrading to 14.4.4, 17.0.11 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is vaadin-bom affected?
Yes, com.vaadin:vaadin-bom is affected in releases prior to 14.4.4, 17.0.11. Upgrade your dependency to 14.4.4, 17.0.11 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2021-31405?
CVE-2021-31405 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2021-31405?
CVE-2021-31405 is classified under CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2021-31405?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=com.vaadin'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-2wqp-jmcc-mc77",
  "modified" : "2021-04-16T23:13:14Z",
  "published" : "2021-04-19T14:47:34Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2021-31405" ],
  "summary" : "Regular expression denial of service (ReDoS) in EmailField component in Vaadin 14 and 15-17",
  "details" : "Unsafe validation RegEx in `EmailField` component in `com.vaadin:vaadin-text-field-flow` versions 2.0.4 through 2.3.2 (Vaadin 14.0.6 through 14.4.3), and 3.0.0 through 4.0.2 (Vaadin 15.0.0 through 17.0.10) allows attackers to cause uncontrolled resource consumption by submitting malicious email addresses.\n\n- https://vaadin.com/security/cve-2021-31405",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "com.vaadin:vaadin-bom"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "14.0.6"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "14.4.4"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "com.vaadin:vaadin-bom"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "15.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "17.0.11"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/vaadin/platform/security/advisories/GHSA-2wqp-jmcc-mc77"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-31405"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/vaadin/flow-components/pull/442"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://vaadin.com/security/cve-2021-31405"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-400" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2021-04-16T23:13:14Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2021-04-23T16:15:00Z"
  }
}